Italy

The course is part of the LM degree program and is intended for advanced level students. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. This course studies the legal foundations of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) and the ECB mandate of monetary policy also in comparison with the Federal Reserve system and central banking in other relevant jurisdictions. Conventional and unconventional monetary policy instruments are considered in depth, also in light of relevant CJEU case law. Macroprudential supervision, lending of last resort and remits over financial stability are discussed in all their institutional and legal implications.

The course offers a panoramic view of the evolution of economic ideas from classical political economy to the recent developments in macroeconomic and microeconomic theory. The first part of the course reviews the Great Crisis and classical political economy and the early history of microeconomics such as the Marginal Revolution, the Ordinal Revolution, and the birth of game theory. The second part of the course reviews Keynesianism, monetarism, and new classical macroeconomics and beyond with a focus on macroeconomics before Keynes, the Great Depression and Keynesianism, the Great Inflation, and the Great Crisis and clashing approaches. The third part of the course reviews the recent history of microeconomics, the axiomatization of utility theory, the theory of risky decisions, and the rise of behavioral economics. Previous exposure to first-year undergraduate macroeconomic and microeconomic courses is necessary and compulsory as a prerequisite.

This course is part of the Laurea Magistrale program. The course is intended for advanced level students only. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. The aims of the course are: to make students familiar with feminist and queer theories and critiques of liberalism and liberal legal systems to the extent that they incorporate biases relating to gender and sexual orientation; to show how seemingly neutral legal norms are shaped by particular conceptualizations of gender, sexuality and sexual orientation; to introduce the debate concerning the partnership of feminism and multiculturalism and prompt a reflection on what constitutes gender (in)equality in a culturally diverse world; to familiarize students with the ways in which the law has contended with sexual difference, sexual orientation, gender-based stereotypes and the meaning of sexuality in European, transnational and international contexts. This course is designed to provide students with a critical understanding of the gendered structure of the law. Feminist and queer critiques of liberalism have challenged traditional ways of thinking about law and legal systems and have called into question some of the fundamental tenets of liberal democracy, such as equality, neutrality, justice, non-discrimination and universalism. These theories have highlighted how the law has created and reinforced gender roles, and how gender-related social and cultural constructs have shaped the balance of power and privilege in a liberal society. In this light, the course addresses a wide range of both theoretical and institutional problems, as well as thematic issues, pertaining to different areas of law, including citizenship, reproductive rights, marriage, sexuality, and violence. The course highlights how legal norms reflect gender-based stereotypes and how these impact the lives of people of different genders and sexual orientations. It also focuses on the increasing difficulties that multi-cultural societies experience in conceptualizing gender equality, examining contentious issues such as the regulation of religious marriage, and other gender-related “cultural clashes”. Module 2 tackles these issues in the context of Muslim societies, with a particular focus on Islamic feminism and Muslim women theologians, family law and women's political participation in predominantly Muslim countries.

This course presents some basic techniques for the analysis of the uncertainty inherent in statistical information, with the goal of providing a correct evaluation and communication of risk. Basic notions of elementary probability theory and of Bayesian probability are introduced and discussed, and their application is illustrated in problems connected with the medical and psychological practice, also within the framework of recent Italian legislation on informed consent which imposes to all health care professionals a correct risk assessment and the adequate communication of it to patients. The course discusses topics including uncertainty in statistical information; problems related to the evaluation of risk and communication of risk; real-world examples; Bayesian inferences through the use of probabilities and by means of natural frequencies; suitability of the natural frequencies for a more intuitive and direct insight in both risk estimation and in a transparent representation of risk; examples focusing on the correct judgement of the probabilistic predictive value of medical diagnostic tests, and aiming at avoiding misleading risk information; cases related to the ongoing Covid-19 public-health emergency; evaluation of the effect of interventions, including relative risk and absolute risk, and relative and absolute risk reduction (or increase); and number needed to treat or to harm.

This is part of the Laurea Magistrale program. The course is intended for advanced level students only. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. In this course, students develop a critical understanding of global health policy as a historical, political and moral assemblage to deal with the consequences of global inequalities. They also gain an appreciation of illness and suffering as the personal embodiment of broader social processes within local moral worlds embedded in historically deep and geographically broad social dynamics.

During the course the main topics in Health Psychology will be considered including health definition; health-risk and protective behaviors; reducing risk of disease at individual and population levels; symptoms perception, interpretation, and response from the psychological perspective; the consultation in health psychology; stress health and illness; the impact of illness on quality of life; pain perception and response; and the improving the quality of life in illness. The course addresses topics in health promotion including health risk and protective behaviors, health and illness definition and conceptualization, promoting health-protective behaviors and reducing risk behaviors, and promoting and developing intervention programs in health psychology. The course discusses health psychology in clinical contexts such as assessing psychosomatic issues including causal, maintaining, and exacerbating factors; definition of stress, stress effects on health, and stress management; effects of the illness on patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life; the psychological effect of pain on patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life; main illness model and illness perception; and understanding interventions in psychosomatic patients and caregivers. The course requires students to have basic clinical psychology knowledge and basic epidemiological knowledge as a prerequisite.

This course is part of the Laurea Magistrale degree program and is intended for advanced level students. Enrolment is by permission of the instructor. Students selecting the Italian subject area must select the course readings in Italian. The course examines gender studies (theories and methodologies) in diverse cultural contexts with specific reference to the analyses of the notions of identity and otherness, difference, and diversity. The course favors the capability to deconstruct these notions in diverse texts (theoretical, literary, and visual). The course presents case studies in which texts (literary and visual) are in dialogue with theories and methodologies of gender and postcolonial studies. The texts elaborate on the issue of gender, identity, difference, race, and politics of the body in the representations, transmissions, and elaborations of traumatic events in literary and visual texts (with specific reference to utopian and dystopian fictions). Lessons make reference to memory and trauma studies, dystopia, and science fiction within a gender and postgender perspective. The course elaborates on debates on the intersectionality of gender(s) and race in theories, and visual and literary texts, and to analyze issues related to utopia/dystopia/science fiction within a postcolonial and posthuman perspective. The main theoretical issues discussed by the course include critical theories and methodologies of gender and women's studies and queer studies; re-reading of the notion of identity, difference, and diversity; gender as a social construction; women’s and postcolonial re-visions of the symbolic and social order; the construction of sexual difference as a deconstructive strategy; re-writings of the body; French Feminism(s) and African American and Postcolonial responses; postcolonial and African American critical debates on the representation and deconstruction of the notion of gender and race. New politics of identity and difference; intersectionality of race and gender(s); and the interconnection of gender, ethnicity, and race in trauma and memory studies.

The aim of the course is to equip participants with toolkits to develop strategies for managerial problems in the context of marketing communications. The different modules of the program introduce the participants to the theoretical models, methods and techniques with the aim to: 1) develop a communication strategy; 2) effectively and synergistically manage the various tools of the communication mix; and 3) monitor and measure the performance of the initiatives developed. In addition to the traditional marketing communication channels, the course also introduces  the emerging online marketing communication channels to deal with changing media consumption habits of consumers. Although the course addresses marketing communication from a managerial perspective, it also offers students critical tools for evaluating the ethical aspects of communication and its undesirable consequences on individuals and society. Finally, the course covers the contribution of communication to corporate social responsibility and cause-related marketing initiatives and to the non-profit world.

This course focuses on the intersections between the fashion system and the media system. Students learn about the evolution of both the fashion and media within the Italian context and the fundamentals of the historical evolution of fashion communication in the Italian mediascape. Students analyze events, campaigns, exhibitions, fashion shows, public relations activities, customer management, and other fashion-related events to understand the communication strategies of the fashion industry for advertising and promotion purposes. The controversial impact of new technologies (i.e. social media, bloggers, influencers) are also discussed, along with a critical reflection on ethical matters concerning the role of fashion as a major influential presence in the media and more in general in our culture. Students learn how fashion communication works also by acquiring and practicing communication skills in fashion projects. They will understand hands-on how the fashion communication process develops, experimenting with how to design and develop a fashion communication campaign (articles, blog entries, social media posts, etc.) with a focus on Italian brands. Students explore their own potential as fashion communicators, learning the basics to create branded content for the fashion industry, choosing the most suitable media outlets, and crafting effective messages. A critical analysis of how fashion language has evolved, from 19th–century fashion magazines to today’s blogs and influencers, also helps students acquire the fundamentals of how to communicate fashion.