English

The course introduces students to the history, changing fortunes, monuments, and artistic output of Constantinople, successor to Rome and the largest city of the medieval world. This is achieved through the examination of the city’s fabric, of individual monuments with their decoration, and of primary texts which shed light on important questions, with particular emphasis on the transformation of the city from Late Antiquity through the so-called dark ages and into the medieval period (4th - 15th century).

In the face of a challenging business environment where change is the only constant, it is imperative to understand the intricate interplay of forces and factors that shape the business landscape to remain competitive.

This course seeks to provide a comprehensive view and understanding of the world of Marketing. Marketing is beyond the basics of 4Ps. While this course basically is about Marketing, students will not be learning Marketing à la textbook. Rather, different contemporary issues will be introduced and examined each week. The relevance and implications of the issues for all aspects of business, mainly Marketing will be discussed.
 

Students will develop an understanding of the different macro factors that affect decision-making and strategies through extensive readings, case studies and class discussions, as well as develop the ability to think strategically in analyzing and formulating solutions.

A research project that assigns students to expert professors in their proposed research topic. The course takes students' research capabilities to a more professional level. This can be most closely compared to what is called a supervised research project in the USA.

This interdisciplinary course introduces you to the growing and important field of disability studies. This course has a strong focus on the lived experience of disability and values the knowledge embodied in this experience. It takes an explicit advocacy orientation, exploring the range of challenges experienced by disabled people locally, nationally and globally, while critically examining policies and interventions aimed at helping to reduce and eliminate barriers to full participation. It also takes an intersectional approach, looking at how disability intersecting with other aspects of identity such as race, ethnicity, age, and gender provide additional challenges that need to be taken into account in interventions aimed at eliminating inequities.
 

This course provides an introduction to methods of operations research from an executive or managerial viewpoint, emphasizing formulation of business problems in quantitative terms. Topics include industrial applications of linear programming, dynamic programming, game theory, probability theory, queuing theory, and inventory theory. More specifically, this course is about learning how to structure, analyze, and solve business decision problems on Excel Spreadsheet, with emphasis on systematic, logical thinking, and problem solving. The course addresses problems involving data analytics (how to summarize the available data into useful information), optimal resource allocation (how to best utilize the available resources), decision tree (how to make decisions in a sequential manner), and risk analysis (how to incorporate uncertainty in business environment). In each area, specific problems in operations, finance, and marketing are considered and students build models to represent them on spreadsheets to analyze and solve them using the available Excel commands, tools, and add-ins. 

This seminar covers Norwegian history, political system, welfare state, economy, environmental issues, gender issues and family, minority and immigration, media, education, literature, visual arts, music, religion, and identity. It provides an overview and understanding of Norwegian culture and society in a historical and contemporary perspective.

This course deals with the theory and practice of international macroeconomics and finance. The objective is to provide a theoretical framework to think about a wide variety of current issues in international finance: current account deficit, global imbalances, exchange rate determination, monetary policy in an open economy setting, and global financial crisis in 2008.

This course examines the rise of risk-based policy-making and risk regulation for scientific, technological, and environmental developments. Students explore definitions of risk and the terminology for risk governance, (changing) perceptions and attitudes to risk in public and private organizations, as well as established and new approaches to managing and regulating risk. These issues are explored through a number of deep dive case studies and sessions from several fields: healthcare and pharmaceutical (including Covid-19), the environment and climate change, digital technologies and cyber-physical systems, and food safety. Particular attention is paid to addressing uncertainty and ambiguity, and what good governance of uncertain risks entails via models such as "planned adaptive risk regulation." 

International Economics dominates the public debate. Has globalization helped or hurt the citizens of developed and emerging nations? What will be the consequences of Brexit for Great Britain and for the EU? Will there be a “trade war” between the United States and China, and what would its consequences be? Is the Euro-Dollar exchange rate too low or too high, and what should the European Central Bank do about it? Getting the answers right is important for policymakers, for economic experts in government and in the private sector, and also for any interested citizen. International Economics gives no ready-made answers to these questions, but it gives us important tools to think about them. The course aims to give students an overview of this framework and show them how it can help us to better understand the world we live in. The course discusses topics including the world economy since the Industrial Revolution; the theory of comparative advantage; the role of resources for trade; the effects of trade and migration on the income distribution; economies of scale and trade; exporters, multinational firms, and offshoring; trade policy; the balance of payments and the true meaning of trade deficits; exchange rates; international capital flows and international financial crises. In order to successfully follow this course, students should be familiar with basic microeconomic concepts such as budget sets, indifference curves, consumer and producer surplus, and marginal cost. They should also be at ease with simple mathematical tools such as derivatives and solution methods for linear equation systems.

The course gives an introduction to the modern ground- and space-based telescopes; astronomical coordinate systems; observational methods including direct imaging, photometry, spectroscopy, and interferometry; different telescope/instrumentation/detector configurations; and observational experiments, calibrations and data reductions, both on a theoretical level and experimentally with the Westerlund Telescope at the Ångström Laboratory in Uppsala, Sweden.