French

This course studies the theories and concepts of Judaism. It examines its principal texts and practices as the literature and customs of this religion serve as a gateway to understanding its fundamental philosophical structure.

Combining political history, political law, and political science, this course examines how political life is organized in France, how constitutional texts and institutional practices interact, and how the new and old political worlds relate to each other. Representative democracy is being questioned. Participatory democracy is regenerating it. Referendum-based or even “digital” democracy is being called for. Presidential dominance over the parliamentary majority remains subject to the agreement of both presidential and parliamentary majorities. Rationalized parliamentarianism is increasingly being questioned. In a context of political radicalization, the course considers how Parliament, the majority, and the opposition are organized; why revise the Constitution, why certain failures, why question our institutions again; how Parliament positions itself in relation to random selection, how it deals with climate transition, and what are its ethics. 

This course introduces the main aspects of contemporary ethical philosophy. It offers, on the one hand, a systematic presentation of the major options and methods of contemporary ethics in the form of a series of short lectures, and, on the other hand, an interactive examination of a series of major questions in applied ethics, in fields as diverse as environmental and climate ethics, sexual ethics, the ethics of war, business ethics, bioethics, etc.

This course examines the main historical events of the region from the beginning of the 19th century. It covers the various controversies surrounding the population of the sub-continent and analyzes the formation of large pre-Columbian civilizations. This part of the course explores the population that preceded the Tawantinsuyu in the Andres and the Empire of the Triple Alliance in Mexico, often dismissed in the analysis. It examines the consequences of the arrival of the Spanish and the Portuguese by considering the large events of the "Conquest" and colonization.

This course investigates how benevolent conduct is enacted in the world, despite the typical focus on power, war, economic domination, and indifference towards distant foreigners in the study of international relations. This concept is approached from political theory, international relations, as well as artistic endeavors, to explore the tension between interest and sympathy concerning both human nature and the foundations of politics, the traces of which can be found consistently in philosophical debates between the 17th century and today. This course provides a deeper understanding of international relations by exploring an underinvested historical, empirical, and philosophical dimension. It considers benevolence as sensitivity, conduct, and project in the global space to cultivate a clear and optimistic view of the scope of benevolence in the contemporary world.

This course provides an overview of the use of quantitative methods in sociology. It alternates between presentation and discussion of quantitative sociology methods and the techniques most used in this discipline (univariate and bivariate descriptive statistics, logistic regressions), and practical application using R software. Students conduct their own research project implementing these methods with research topics based on the 2018 European Values Survey highlighting the values, political opinions, and representations of the French.