Lund University

The course an overview of the major languages in the world, the families to which they belong, their structural characteristics and where they are spoken. Different accounts as to why languages resemble or differ from each other regarding grammar and sound systems are taken up and discussed. Explanations as to why the number of languages in the world is fast decreasing through language death are further examined. The course puts emphasis on practical exercises where students are trained in analyzing language structure and placing a language in a typological context on the basis of authentic data.

The course covers both the historically specific concept of The Total Work of Art (Gesamtkunstwerk), with Richard Wagner's opera aesthetics in focus, as well as other forms of compound medial artistic expressions of our times such as film, music videos, and architecture. Special attention is paid to concepts such as form/content, art, intermediality, border crossings, art, aesthetics, and ideology.

In the study of physiology and anatomy, the course explores how organs are built and how they work together. The building stones of the human body (bone, articular cartilage, ligaments, tendons, muscles, blood, and body fluids) are described and situated in the context of students' previous knowledge of mechanics and solid mechanics. Concepts like constitutive equations and evolution laws are applied to biological material, like bone, where effects from mechanical loading on the inner structure are modeled. The architecture of the skeleton and the apparatus of locomotion are described as a mechanical system where the bones are coupled together in joints and the activity in the muscles controls the movements.

This interaction between actors in the energy market creates opportunities to use energy more efficiently and reduces the environmental impact of the energy system. It is therefore important to be able to understand the limitations and possibilities of the components and to optimize their usage within the energy system. This course provides engineering expertise regarding energy processes and components within energy systems, and provides the tools needed to argue, judge, and evaluate possible solutions. Prior knowledge of thermodynamics is required.

The course presents the essence of statistical mechanics, starting from a microscopic description of matter. This includes the central concept of entropy, the connection with thermodynamical quantities, and ​paradigmatic systems such as the ideal (quantum and classical) gases.