Fudan University

The course covers probability and statistics, focusing on how the mathematical ideas of statistics carry over into the world of applications in economics and finance. It examines statistical concepts from economic perspective. For example, why are statistical concepts (e.g., mean and variance) useful in economics? What are economic intuition and interpretation for the probability and statistical relations?

Accounting Principles is an elective course in the innovation and entrepreneurship sector. The course covers basic knowledge, methods and skills of accounting, and lays the foundation for other finance and other economics related courses. It combines both theory and practice, with the goal of introducing the entire accounting process including accounting methods of double-entry bookkeeping to learn how to deal with practical problems.

The course provides an introduction to macro-international trade theory and micro-international trade practice. It explores the history and development of China's foreign trade operations, including its challenges, achievements, and potential business opportunities. The course examines both the theory and practice of foreign trade in order to show the direction the country is moving in terms of its trade operations.

The course presents how the basic theories and methodological tools of marketing fit into the different phrases of business activities, including new product, concept screening, product development, and market introduction. The course covers the management system of new product development from the perspective of marketing. The course provides an introduction to the new product development process; a systematic description of the strategic thinking of new product development; discussion of business activities related to product conception; discussion of theoretical knowledge related to product concept evaluation and methodological tools; discussion of relevant business activities during the product development design phase; and discussion of relevant business activities for new products entering the market.

This course introduces the basic theory of industrial organization (IO). The knowledge of industrial organizations can be applied in many fields, such as corporate strategy, regulation, antitrust or competition policy, and industrial policy. The course covers how to analyze the operation of an imperfectly competitive market, why companies should make strategic choices, and the impact of these corporate strategies on social welfare. The competitive strategies discussed include price competition, production competition, product differentiation, advertising and promotional activities, price discrimination, bundling, collusion, block entry, mergers and acquisitions, and vertical contracts. Based on the introduction of the basic model (Berchuande competition, Cournot competition, Hotelling competition), this course discusses the above competition strategy and the corresponding anti-monopoly policy in detail.

This course presents western sketch and Chinese white sketch as the simplest forms of expression in painting, with plaster and still life as the main objects of expression, and introduces artistic quality of monochrome expression in painting. The course is a combination of classroom teaching and studio practice.

The course covers the basic principles of epidemiology, examining the determinants of major public health problems including infectious diseases, injuries, environmental health, and emerging threats. Students are trained to develop applied epidemiology competencies in field investigation and public health surveillance by using study designs where they apply their knowledge and skills to solve real life public health problems. Students also address the principles of bias and confounding, thereby enabling them to familiarize themselves with all key epidemiological concepts. This course covers identification of major landmarks in the history of the discipline; calculation and interpretation measures of disease frequency such as prevalence and incidence, mortality, morbidity and their inter-relationship; identification of the major types of study designs within observational (e.g. ecological, cross-sectional, cohort, case-control) and experimental (e.g. randomized controlled trials, cross-over trials) epidemiological studies, and compares their strengths and limitations; calculation and interpretation of various measures of association such as relative risk (risk ratio, rate ratio, odds ratio), attributable risk (risk difference, rate difference), attributable risk percent and population attributable risk 6; and the major sources of bias in epidemiological studies and their potential effects on measures of association. Other course topics include the concepts of confounding, effect modification and mediation, distinguishing association from causation, critically appraising published individual epidemiological studies using a logical framework to ascertain their internal and external validity, the inter-relationships between host, agent, and environment in infectious disease epidemiology, the epidemiologic rationale and relative health benefits of the main strategies for prevention (‘high-risk’ vs. ‘mass’) and the requirements that a screening program must fulfil before it can be considered for possible public health application. The course looks at the future directions and current challenges in epidemiology.