English

This is an individual study project. Students must have a well thought-through idea of the theme of the study. A faculty teacher is appointed as supervisor, and an agreement is signed between the student and the teacher describing the title, contents, and ECTS credits of the study. A supervisor normally meets with the student between two and four times to discuss the progress of the individual study, or any problems encountered. Most supervisors also choose to read and comment on parts of the study. Students applying to do an individual study must submit a detailed project description with their application. Exams for Individual Study Projects may be oral, written or a combination of the two. This version of the course is worth 12 quarter units and corresponds to a workload of 412 hours. 

This course offers an introduction to the fundamentals of political economy of international relations through the survey of international economic organizations and other global coordination attempts and development economics.
While reviewing all types of countries, it particularly focuses on least developed and transition economies, exploring the relationship between international economic organization mandates, policies, and economic development in
practice. The course does not require a significant background in economics but a fundamental understanding of micro- and macroeconomics is helpful. The course offers a review of theoretical and practical core knowledge and a systematic application through group case studies.

This course investigates the concepts of liberty, equality, and reconciliation. The course approaches these concepts by studying a sequence of authors including Hobbes, Locke, Wollstonecraft, Betham, Mill, Nozick, and Rawls. Students also explore important considerations of class, gender, and race, with readings from Marx and Engels, MacKinnon, and Delaney.

This course covers the concepts, theories, and techniques of ecological innovation: Innovation within the context of the environment in which we live and are interconnected. The course is both theoretical and practical. It begins with a study of innovation. The idea of ecological innovation is explored and critiqued. Systems innovation is addressed as a core innovation process for ecological innovation, but other methods of innovation are also relevant. The latter part of the course is a group project applying an innovation methodology in a business context.  

This course introduces classic and state-of-the-art methodology in computer graphics. We will focus on methods and best practices in geometry and physical simulation, which are the basic building blocks for downstream applications such as animation, industrial design, game engineering, structural analysis, AR/VR, and medical imaging. Our curriculum will cover basic representations of shapes, geometric optimization, analysis, and principles of robust digital simulation of physical scenes. The techniques employed will involve classical numerical analysis up to deep geometric learning.

The course will include programming tasks to implement a few key algorithms in geometry processing, geometric learning, and physical simulation, to the extent that they can independently run and be analysed on modest open-source data.

This course (CGGS) and Computer Graphics: Rendering (CGR) are both courses that require no previous knowledge of computer graphics. These two courses may be taken independently or together. CGGS focusses on the representation, processing, and dynamics of 3D objects in the virtual world while CGR focusses on the rendering of virtual worlds as photo-realistic images.

The course covers many of the following topics: Random events, sigma-algebras, monotone classes. Measurable spaces, random variables - measurable functions. Measures, probability measures, signed measures. Borel sets in R^d, Lebesgue measure. Caratheodory extension theorem. Sequences of events and random variables, Borel-Cantelli lemma. Distributions of random variables. Independence of random variables. Integral of measurable functions - mathematical expectation,.
Moments of random variables, L_p spaces. Convergence concepts of measurable functions. Limit theorems for integrals. Weak and strong laws of large numbers. Completeness of L_p spaces. Conditional expectation and conditional distribution of random variables. Fubini's theorem.

This course takes a comprehensive look at the challenges and dynamics of "Arctic" issues and relations. The course is structured in four thematic parts: what’s going on and the Arctic now and then; ways of analyzing what’s going on in the Arctic; what the Arctic is a region of; and global issues/arctic particulars. While the first part establishes the basics in terms of geography, states, institutions, and current political developments in an empirical way, the remaining three parts use theoretical approaches from international relations and neighboring disciplines to look at these political dynamics. The second part applies concepts and approaches from core international relations theories such as security dilemma, deterrence, interdependence, norms and rules, and securitization, while the third part deconstructs the idea of the Arctic as a region and understands how it is instrumentalized for a number of purposes, drawing on constructivism, post-structuralist, and critical geopolitics. The last part takes a cross-cutting look at three globally relevant and salient issues – post-colonialism and decolonization, feminism and gender, and climate change and the Anthropocene – to understand their relevance and particularity in the Arctic in a way that seeks to go beyond the state-focused approaches. As such, this course critically applies previous international relations theories and knowledge, but the final part also steps outside these theoretical approaches, and through the empirics of the course, ventures into texts and approaches from neighboring disciplines to gain other perspectives on the top of the world. The course necessitates curiosity about issues and concepts spanning military and strategic studies to post-colonialism and the notion than non-humans can also be analytically central.         

This course is a challenging introductory course and is for non-History of Art students. It examines modern and contemporary art focusing on objects in London's galleries and museums. The content of this course changes each year, but it introduces students to key issues and themes in British, European, and North American art from the mid-19th century through to the present day, by focusing on works in institutions such as Tate Britain and Tate Modern as well as smaller contemporary galleries such as The Whitechapel.

This course provides a sociological perspective on economic, social, and political processes, focusing especially on global social change and sustainable development. Students acquire the knowledge required to understand and critically examine the discussions pursued about the global social change that marks modernity, focusing especially on the post-war period. The course includes four modules, this is the second module: Contemporary Sociological Perspectives on Global Development. The second module focuses on contemporary challenges to development in different parts of the world. It adopts both a macro and a micro perspective reviewing changes regarding the role of the state, labor markets, population structures, and families. Sociological theories and concepts are used to highlight how inequality is created and maintained by different power structures with regard to, for example, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, and class, and intersections between them. The module focuses on contemporary economic and political sociology and feminist theory.