Biological Sciences

The course begins with a brief introduction to the marine environment and oceanography. Following on from this a number of topical subjects are used to illustrate recent developments in the field of marine ecology. The biodiversity and biogeography in the marine environment are illustrated with reference to selected habitats, namely coral reefs and the deep ocean. The biology of the deep ocean, in particular the biology of mid-water and hydrothermal vent communities, includes consideration of technological advances in deep ocean exploration. This theme is developed further in lectures on tracking studies, behavior, and conservation of marine megafauna, e.g. sharks, sea birds, and marine mammals. The topical issues of marine pollution (including plastics pollution), ocean acidification and global climate change is considered with respect to effects on marine biodiversity. 

The course links knowledge on marine environment and organisms with applied cases, where such knowledge is required (e.g. climate change, eutrophication, pollution). The course is based on several themes representing specific applied issues, which provide the frame for understanding and assessing the potentials, limitations, and environmental effects of human activities on marine ecosystem structure and function. The cases are presented in a scientific context, where an understanding of the underlying basic physiological and ecological processes provide the foundation for evaluating, predicting, and managing environmental effects of human activities on marine systems. Each theme involves lectures, student presentations, and theoretical exercises. Students work in groups and deliver a written report for each theme.

This course provides an introduction to the cell, its structure and functioning. Also the basis of genetics and inheritance are explored. Topics include (1) an overview of cell biology; (2) cellular organelles and the cytoskeleton; (3) how cells work- cellular respiration and photosynthesis; (4) the cell cycle and the key roles of cell division; (5) how meiosis and sexual life cycles provide biological variation; (6) an introduction into genes and inheritance from a Mendelian perspective; (6) the link between chromosomes, genes, and inheritance; (7) DNA and the molecular basis of inheritance; (8) how proteins are made from genes; (9) how genomes can inform our understanding of life's diversity; and (10) a brief introduction into basic genetic molecular techniques. 

This course introduces the concepts, tools and techniques of bioinformatics to understand molecular evolution, individualized medicine, and data intensive biology. The course includes a conceptual framework for modern bioinformatics, an introduction to key bioinformatics topics such as databases and software, sequence analysis, pairwise alignment, multiple sequence alignment, sequence database searches, and profile-based methods, molecular phylogenetics, genomic analysis and personal genomics. Lectures include hands-on inquiry using bioinformatics tools in the practical sessions. The course requires students to take a prerequisite of General Biology. 

In this course, students learn about the different conceptualizations of emotion both in terms of historical developments as well as contemporary theoretical models of emotions. The course considers the biological basis of emotions in the brain and the body, how emotions are expressed and perceived in faces, bodies, voice, and music. The relationship between emotions and cognitions is considered, including emotion regulation and individual differences in emotions. Finally, cultural differences and disorders of emotion are discussed.

This course introduces a range of advanced and current topics in evolutionary ecology with a strong focus on studies using vertebrate systems. Evolutionary ecologists investigate the interactions between and within species, and, for example, consider the evolutionary effects of competitors, mutualists, predators, prey, and pathogens. Lectures and assigned readings provide a foundation in evolutionary ecology and a sampling of specific topics (i.e., Life-History Theory, evolutionary medicine, phenotypic plasticity, ecological speciation, and the evolution of sex). 

This course provides an outline of the evolutionary history and morphological diversity of fossil reptiles. This class especiallly focuses on the origin, evolution and extinction of major groups such as turtles, crocodiles, marine reptiles, and dinosaurs. Fossil reptiles also include various extinct groups such as mammal-like reptiles and gigantic marine forms (e.g., ichthyosaurs) as well as flying giants (pterosaurs). Reptiles are also important for understanding origin of living birds and ma mammals. Visual instruments and real specimens would be used during the lectures for the aid of comprehension. Preparation of fossil materials would be organized for students in this lecture. Museum excursion or field trip should be organized as optional events on weekends. 

To learn about the fundamental properties of life, this course addresses concepts in macroscopic (Ecology, Evolution and Ethology) and microscopic (Cells, DNA) aspects of biology. The purpose of this course is to deepen an understanding to the question of “What does it mean for an organism to be alive?” and to use this understanding as a starting point for expanding one’s thinking about their own existence as a living thing.  

The course covers the following topics:
1) What is science, and what is biology?
2) Cells, the basic unit of all organisms
3) The world of DNA and the mechanism of heredity
4) How does DNA research and analysis technology relate to us?
5) Evolution and Diversity of Life.
6) Life around us - Can we live on Earth with other living things?