France

This course explores how the burdens and benefits of social cooperation should, as a matter of justice, be distributed. It considers a range of answers that have been offered by some of today's most prominent analytical political philosophers, all based on the philosophical method of reflective equilibrium, and evaluates their arguments in detail to develop an understanding of the preferred conception of distributive justice.

This course introduces the contemporary and emerging stakes posed by international migration in the international arena. In dialogue with case studies and comparative research, the course explores how states adapt to the changing features of human mobility in a context of growing geopolitical (and climate) instability and how this affects interstate relations. The externalization of migration control and diaspora surveillance policies have transformed the geography of public intervention, thereby opening a new field for diplomatic engagement. The course also provides an understanding of the ways new categories of actors interfere with the management of migrations: international organizations, civil society organizations, cities, and private companies.

This course covers grammatical analysis in syntagmatic categories (analysis of grammatical constituents, syntax trees) and the grammar of words. This course is a systematic study of their categories and functions.

This course exposes students to public and scientific debates pertaining to colonial past, and the gender studies, research methods, and writing of contemporary history. It explores these concepts through several lenses over three parts of the course: historical approaches to the colonial past, the use of gender studies, and the new history of colonial wars. Each theme includes an introduction to the field of research, discussions and presentations based on readings, and scientific articles and archives.