France

This course studies applied cognitive, social, and cultural psychology within the sub concepts of motivation, conflict, diversity, and career. Topics include examining theories about motivation, change and communication within an organization, leadership styles, and social and cultural relations within an organization.

This course reflects on the foundations and modalities of the advent of political modernity in the 19th century. It traces the major stages in the evolution of Europe and its imperial extensions, from the democratic revolutions of the end of the 18th century to the advent of the era of the masses at the beginning of the 20th century. Topics include the emergence of currents of thought such as liberalism, conservatism, and socialism; the changes in the instruments of mobilization, violent (wars, revolutions) or peaceful (civil society, electoral processes); the affirmation of nation states and the persistence of empires. Particular attention is paid to the place claimed and obtained by women in political society. The course also questions the place of Europe in the world and evokes the processes of political modernization (and its limits) on the other continents.