University of Bordeaux

This course covers European economic integration including definitions, connections, stages, and political integration. The impact of economic integration is reviewed, taking into consideration trade and financial integration, through empirical evidence of the integration process in Europe. Also discussed is the Divergence/Convergence debate. Students are given an overview of the Economic and Monetary Union in Europe including its involvement in the Impossible Trinity Principle and the Theory of Optimal Currency Areas. Finally, the course covers macroeconomic principles in the EMU which includes governance in the EMU, monetary policy in the time of crisis, fiscal policies in the EMU and the exchange rate policy for the Euro.

This course provides an introduction to the field of postcolonial theory by way of literature produced in former colonies of the British Empire, with particular focus on Australia and New Zealand. It covers their histories as a nation, information about the indigenous communities that live there, and applications of postcolonial theory onto these two countries. Understanding is mainly based through two novels, THE SECRET RIVER by Kate Grenville and THE WHALE RIDER by Witi Imaheara. The novels are examined through various aspects, including but not limited to gender, nature, and "The Other."

This course consists of intensive instruction in written and oral French, taught through audio-visual method and group work with an instructor. The course strengthens comprehension and expression skills through exercises. Oral French focuses on difficult cases of spelling, vocabulary of selected fields, and sentence structure. Written work includes advanced intermediate grammar, syntax, and spelling, with a focus on academic writing for French universities. Materials used in class present contemporary regional topics.

This course discusses the various themes linked to tourism, with a focus on cooking, restaurant and hotel businesses, and the professions that relate to tourism. The class practices linguistic competencies used in tourism and analyzes documents from the press specializing in tourism, websites, films and videos, and ad catalogs from the tourism industry.

This course covers genes studied in pathologies (such as cancer) at multiple levels: selector genes, regulatory genes, and cell type-specific genes. Topics include the developmental biological role, mutated phenotypes, related experiments, and the mechanism in cancer or the relevance to the study of cancer for each gene type.