Sweden

The course examines how the English language varies in use according to contextual factors. By applying theories and analytical frameworks from the fields of pragmatics and sociolinguistics, students discover how speakers and writers use the English language to communicate meanings, carry out actions, signal membership in speech communities, and achieve styles in talk and writing. In the pragmatics portion of the course, the ways in which meaning is context-dependent and the ways in which speakers achieve goals using language are considered. In the sociolinguistics portion of the course, the linguistic resources with which speakers show their connection to a given community and express identity are analyzed. Students use primarily qualitative research methods to complete assignments and short research papers. Examination is done in the form of oral presentations, written assignments, and written final examinations.

This course provides a survey of Irish-language poetry composed during the twentieth century. Using Louis De Paor’s bilingual edition of poems from the period, Leabhar na hAthghabála | Poems of Repossession, the course discusses questions of thematic and stylistic continuity as well as evidence for evolution within the poetic tradition of the Irish. Common themes and conventions in the Irish language poetry of the 20th century as well as an understanding of how these themes underwent development and were re-articulated over the course of the century are acquired. Such themes include gender discourse, post-colonialism, and the politics of language. Introductory use of literary theories and secondary sources is also included.

The course illustrates the ecological, resource, social, and cultural conditions and foundations for a sustainable and just future economic system. This process combines systems thinking and an interdisciplinary understanding concerning how these conditions and foundations are connected and interact. The consequences of different future, sustainable economic systems are also investigated and analyzed. The many perspectives, questions, and discussions in the course give students a long list of areas to focus on in the project work that leads to a practical project.

The course gives an introduction to the modern ground- and space-based telescopes; astronomical coordinate systems; observational methods including direct imaging, photometry, spectroscopy, and interferometry; different telescope/instrumentation/detector configurations; and observational experiments, calibrations and data reductions, both on a theoretical level and experimentally with the Westerlund Telescope at the Ångström Laboratory in Uppsala, Sweden.

The course analyses selected American literary works from the mid-17th century to today. The texts include fiction, poetry, traditional autobiographies as well as hybrid forms. Discussions will focus on aspects such as "truth", gender, race, ethnicity and morals.

The course provides a general introduction to the psychology of learning and cognitive psychology. The main emphasis of the course is placed on cognitive psychology, which covers thinking and knowledge processes, with memory as a central component. Other areas that are covered include neuropsychology, knowledge representations, decision-making, visualization, language, and problem-solving. The part concerning the psychology of learning covers how behavior is developed in the interaction between the individual and the environment, with emphasis on classical and operant conditioning. The third part of the course covers applications of cognitive psychology and psychology of learning and considers how principles and models from these two areas can be applied, both in other areas of psychology and in areas outside of psychology.

The course analyzes selected English literary works with the emphasis on the 19th-century novel and various modernist genres. The influence and reflection of social developments in literature are addressed, as are the perspectives of cultural and literary history. Basic concepts and methods of literary criticism are applied.

Antibiotics were once regarded as miracle drugs. However, they are becoming less effective as bacteria develop resistance against them. The increasing occurrence of micro-organisms that are resistant to multiple antibiotics constitutes a serious threat to human health. The course addresses fundamental questions and problems concerning antibiotics such as what is the role of antibiotics in nature? How are they synthesized? What are their modes of action? How can new antibiotics be discovered? How can we attack problems with antibiotic-resistant microorganisms? The course brings a comprehensive understanding of the biology and chemistry of antibiotics. It provides insight into bacterial physiology and also industrial and clinical aspects of antibiotics and the evolution of antibiotic resistance.

The development of suitable models for describing dynamical systems is a central problem within automatic control, and it is critical for the development of robust and high-performance control laws. When relationships between physical quantities are not fully known, then models and the control laws may instead be generated by measurement data, through system identification, machine learning, or adaptive control. The purpose of the course is to teach the basic principles of how this is done. The first part of the course is devoted to adaptive control and system identification for systems with several input and output signals. The focus is on state-space models and methods for generating these, including grey-box identification. The course describes iterative methods for learning, as well as model reduction for the purpose of reducing the dimension of the state space. The second part of the course is devoted to reinforcement learning. This includes the theory of dynamic programming and various approximate methods thereof. Policy iteration is explained, as well as discrete and continuous path planning. The third part of the course deals with the usage of complete components for the purpose of control, for instance, sensors that have been developed using machine learning.

The course gives an insight into how functional programming often offers a possibility to write shorter and easier-to-understand programs than using the traditional imperative or object-oriented approaches. Course content includes the philosophy of functional languages, the programming language Haskell, language constructs and idioms, higher-order functions, lazy evaluation and infinite data structures, monads and monadic computations polymorphic type systems and type classes, and type analysis and type inference.