University of Commerce Luigi Bocconi

This is a Public International law and European Union law course for political science students. It focuses on the legal structures underpinning international relations, covering selected topics to provide the basic concepts for understanding the nature and function of International Law and EU Law. Students will deepen their understanding of the complex legal framework governing international and European affairs, shaping contemporary international politics and global governance. The course covers: the making and sources of International Law; subjects of International Law; responsibility in International Law; settlement of disputes and enforcement of International law: the return of sovereignism and use of force; the crisis of post-Second World War international law: the restoration of aggressive use of force in territorial disputes; the EU as a supranational organisation; the EU as an autonomous legal order; the impact of EU law and International Law in domestic systems; the law of the internal market: the fundamental freedoms; the crisis of the rule of law and supranational cooperation in Europe. Written midterm, final exam, group project.

This course is an introduction to econometrics, that is, to the statistical methods used to give empirical content to economic relationships. This course has two goals. The first is to provide students with the tools to evaluate econometric analyses critically and logically. The second is to enable them to analyze datasets methodically and comprehensively using econometric methods. The course includes lectures and problem sets, part of which will be conducted using R, a free, open-source software environment for statistical computing and data analysis. Familiarity with R is not expected. Written midterm and final exam (90%), class asignment/group presentation (10%). Prerequisites: familiarity with calculus, introductory statistics and elementary matrix algebra.

We are entering a new era where experience is the new economy for consumer attention. The commoditization of products across industries is making it more difficult for companies to compete for market share. The course aims to equip students with the knowledge, tools, and strategic insights to harness the transformative potential of immersive and experiential technologies. Through an in-depth exploration of cutting-edge innovations like spatial computing, 3D design, Agentic AI, and experiential marketing, this course empowers future leaders to create engaging, impactful customer experiences that drive value and innovation. By bridging the gap between emerging technologies and strategic business applications, it will prepare students to lead in the evolving landscape of the experience economy, inspiring creative solutions and fostering a deep understanding of how brands can leverage innovation to captivate and engage their audiences in meaningful ways. Written final exam (40%), 2 group projects (60%).
Prerequistes:  basic knowledge of Corporate Strategy.  Minimum hardware (laptop) requirements for a fully immersive experience in the course (see website).

This course teaches students an understanding of human rights as embedded in specific historical circumstances, and looks at their codification in international law as the product of heated political debates and struggles. In order to do so, it articulates itself in three interlocking learning units. The 1st unit is historical: it traces the genealogy of the concept and focuses on the birth of the “human rights regime.” Unit 2 looks at specific cases and rights, and Unit 3 examines critical readings of human rights as an instrument for “Western hegemony,” or as inadequate in other ways. The course covers the historical development of human rights, civil and political rights, economic, social and cultural rights, the right to health, women's rights, intervention, LGBTQ rights, and critiques of human rights. 

This course is separated into two parts, covering monetary and financial policies, and monetary policy and growth. At the end of the course, students are able to interpret the evolution of the economic situation on the basis of a plurality of macroeconomic frames, in order to use the knowledge acquired relating to the design of monetary and financial policies to maximize the usefulness of the information available, minimizing time and optimizing the use of one's energies; and better use two indispensable professional resources: logic and precision. Pre-requisites: macroeconomics and microeconomics. 

This course focuses on Deep Learning (DL), with an emphasis on recent advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP). It is structured into lectures that cover the fundamental concepts of the field, complemented by practical tutorials and exercises, where these concepts are further expanded and practically implemented through live coding sessions (mainly in Python). The course is organized along the following themes: Recap of Machine Learning (ML) fundamentals; Introduction to Neural Networks and the connectionist paradigm: from the perceptron to Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs), universality theorems, the backpropagation algorithm, and principles of Neural Network design; The rise of Deep Learning: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), regularization techniques, and residual connections. Basics of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), attention mechanisms, and Transformers; Introduction to Natural Language Processing (NLP): text preprocessing, static and contextual word embeddings, language modelling, and neural approaches to text processing—from neural machine translation to modern large language models (LLMs). Course prerequisites: solid understanding of calculus, linear algebra, probability, and statistics, along with basic prior programming experience in Python.

The public sector is a crucial component of the business environment, as government decisions and activities impact the private sector and citizens’ daily lives. Public management has changed enormously in recent years due to reform initiatives in many countries. Furthermore, functions and activities that used to fall under the compass of the public sector are now performed by a variety of actors, including companies and NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations). In light of these changes, the primary purpose of this course is to introduce students to foundational concepts and current developments in the field of governance and public management. Throughout the course, students discuss and work on assignments that stimulate their understanding of the collective sphere, how we decide collectively, and how managerial techniques can be employed to deliver better public services. Students are also exposed to 'the public role of the private sector', i.e., a set of non-market strategies that are considered essential to succeed in the global competitive landscape.