Environmental Studies

This course introduces the science and practice of conservation biology, beginning with an overview of conservation issues, the value of biodiversity, extinction risks, and the history and philosophy of conservation. It explores the conservation of biodiversity at multiple levels, including the diversity of genes, species, populations, and ecosystems. At the species and population levels, the role of life history, behavior, and management of populations in the real world is covered. The conservation and management of ecosystems is considered in terms of important processes, such as disturbance, re-wilding, and threats by alien species. Issues considered here include incentives, access, who benefits from conservation, legal aspects, and management policies. 

Please note that the course extends into January, available for year students only. The course focuses on the following topics: the geological evolution of the planet earth and the formation of sea basins; the physical and chemical characteristics of the water masses; physiography and geomorphology of the seabed, genesis, and characteristics of rocks and sediments; sedimentological processes and distribution of benthic environments; the interactions between marine organisms and the abiotic environment; the main types of marine ecosystems and their functional characteristics; and the processes of formation of populations and their distribution in space and time. The course is divided into lectures and practical sessions, in the field and/or in the laboratory, with collection and analysis of samples/data and interpretation of results. Visits to the ISMAR (Institute of Marine Sciences) of the CNR of Bologna where the tools used in oceanographic and marine biology campaigns and the principles and techniques for the analysis and interpretation of the acquired data are presented. Visit to the Environmental Sciences Laboratories, of the Master's Degree in Marine Biology, at the Ravenna Campus.

This course examines the evolution of “Green Germany” through history, up to the present moment. The course studies key moments in the history of the German relationship to nature and the environment, looking at the role of grassroot movements on the one hand and state policy on the other hand. Among the topics discussed are: the movement for nature conservation at the end of the 19th century during industrialisation; the period of National Socialism, when the legal foundations of the protection of the environment were laid; the environmental movement of the 1970s in West Germany; environmental protection in East Germany, and, finally, current debates and conflicts around the conservation of nature and landscape on the one hand and climate protection as well as energy policy on the other hand, looking at government policy and protest movements. The course also examines the specifically German attachment to the forest; accordingly, one session is held in Grunewald, the large forest in Berlin.

This course focuses on the relationship between the environment and planning, particularly on zoning policies, construction methods, target objectives, and effects on the desired territories. It discusses policies of the European Union regarding zoning, development and environmental risks, and the connection to game theory to address the link between land development projects, the environment, and justice.

This course investigates how states and international actors have responded to new security challenges in response to the speed and scale of climate change, and how their different understandings of the climate-security nexus might shape global responses to climate change. It relies on an innovative theoretical approach spanning traditional security, human security, and existential security that helps to capture the complex dynamics of emerging approaches to dealing with security in the Anthropocene. By comparing how different framings of climate security impact various policy sectors, the course assesses the barriers and opportunities for addressing global climate security.

This course introduces students to the politics, governance, and ethics of sustainability and examines major current global challenges divided into economic, political, and environmental issues. Climate change is only one of many environmental issues facing  the planet, but due to its importance and overwhelming impact, it is given the main focus of this course. The course not only looks at the science behind and consequences of global warming, but also studies the two pillars of the global climate governance: the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). The analysis of the UNFCCC process further leads the course to review the Paris Agreement from 2015. The course discusses how effective it can be in dealing with one of the biggest threats of the 21st century and whether it can still achieve its goal of limiting global warming to “well below 2°C/1.5°C”. A special session is devoted to technological, political, social, and economic solutions to environmental issues. 

The course explores questions such as do people – as purported by some – need to replace capitalism and stop economic growth in order to prevent further environmental destruction? Or is there a way to move towards a “green growth," and utilize the benefits of the free market to increase environmental protection? This discussion leads the course to the question of what the future will look like. Will people continue to cross planetary boundaries and endanger the capability of different ecosystems? Or will the 21st century witness a major shift away from fossil fuels and environmental destruction to a more sustainable economy? The discussions in the class are complemented by at least two field trips and possibly a visit of a guest speaker.  

This course examines environmental systems including the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere and their interaction with each other in a wide range of landscape settings using examples from Australia and internationally. Particular emphasis is on the need for, and application of knowledge of the fundamental attributes of environmental systems to mitigate adverse human impacts through an informed environmental management decision making process.