Political Science

Penology involves the study of how the state punishes those who have been convicted of offences. The subject covers the interlocking issues of sentencing, prison, and non-custodial punishments. Students to an in-depth look at the penal system and evaluate why, when, and how it is legitimate for the state to punish its citizens. The course also takes a practical look at the administration of punishment, with a particular focus on prisons. Students examine the contemporary issues and problems concerning these institutions and evaluate possibilities for reform. Analysis of penal policy and how it is formed is also involved. Penology involves a broad multi-disciplinary approach which includes aspects of sociology, political theory, and philosophy as well as law and human rights. It is closely related to criminology. Students are not required to take the course in criminology, however, penology and criminology are natural partner-courses and students who study both will find that they inform one another.

This course traces the main historical contexts in which democracy has emerged as an idea, practice, and set of institution. Main thinkers on democracy are read and discussed on the basis of primary sources. Their ideas are interpreted in the historical context of transforming practices and institutional change. Historical explanations and philosophical interpretations of democratization and de-democratization are analyzed in their interaction.

The student will learn about the sources of international law, treaties, custom, unilateral acts, general principles of international law, doctrine, and jurisprudence. In the same way, students will understand about concepts related to subjects of international law, jurisdiction and immunities. Additionally, they will identify concepts such as territorial domain, the legal regime of Maritime Spaces, Airspace, Outer space and Antartica. Finally, students will understand the concept of international responsibility.

Revolutionary movements often times embed their actions in places where power is physically located, i.e., houses of parliaments, presidential palaces and so on. Aiming at the so-called nerve centers of powers can be crucial in successfully disrupting power. Throughout history public spaces have time and again served as playing fields for contentious politics: During the French revolution, the storming of the Bastille in 1789 held symbolic value, while the protest camp in Cairo’s Tahrir square was crucial for the overthrowing of the Egyptian regime in 2011. Beyond those, examples of the use of space for contentious politics by both resistance and repression actors can be found in Khartoum (qiyadah sit-in), Beijing (Tiananmen massacre) and Tirana (Skanderbeg Square) to name a few. But how do these squares and places become revolutionary – or not? Following this question, the seminar aims to explore the relationship between revolutions and space, delving specifically into the role of public spaces for revolutionary oppositions in mobilizing, building shared identities, and configuring spaces which embody their visions for a different future. 
 

In this course students will know the theoretical foundations that support an analysis of the governance applied to the field of formation and transformation of the modern State and its practices of government in contemporary societies. 

The course covers the development of European integration after the Second World War with a special focus on questions concerning national and supranational identities and values. The aim is to study the EU's development from the time of the European Coal and Steel Community to the UK's withdrawal in 2020, partly chronologically, but also based on a present-day perspective.

This course provides a comprehensive overview of theoretical and practical challenges involved in the complex subject of global governance. It traces the evolving roles of both states and non-state actors and covers a wide range of issues on peace and security; human rights and democracy; money and finance; trade and investment, and sustainable development and the environment. 

This course provides students with knowledge of the fundamental concepts, principles, processes, and rules of public international law as well as a more in-depth knowledge of selected areas of the law. This course covers different aspects of general international law, including the sources of international law, statehood and international legal personality, the law of international responsibility, and dispute settlement. It also examines more specialized areas of public international law, with a focus on jurisdiction, immunities, the use of force, and human rights, land and sea, and the environment. The course addresses theoretical debates and uses practical examples of international law in action, many of them relating to contemporary events in international relations.