English

This course examines the principles and techniques related to the formation, dispersion and control of various air pollutants formed from anthropogenic pollution sources. Topics include: micrometeorology; air dispersion; combustion fundamentals; pollutant formation mechanism and control technologies; abatement of volatile organic compounds using incineration techniques; particulate and aerosol abatement technology; particle technology, log-normal distribution; settling chamber; cyclone; electrostatic precipitator; and bag filter. 

This course teaches the creation of 2D artworks using a variety of techniques including drawing, ink painting, collage, and photography. Students explore setting subject matters through mixed media, encouraging self-expression and artistic exploration. The course covers both figurative and non-figurative approaches to painting and drawing, with an emphasis on developing skills in figure painting, still life, and landscape works. The course also introduces students to contemporary art and Korean art, guiding them toward creating unique and individual pieces. 

What is childhood? Was it invented? How has the concept of childhood differed in different historical, geographical, and socio-economic contexts? These are the questions that will preoccupy students in this course. Focusing on the 19th and 20th centuries, but with reference to earlier periods, and covering Ireland, Britain, Europe, and the wider world – including colonial settings and China – the class explores how the experience and perception of childhood changed. Students examine the hypothesis that childhood as a time of innocence, development, and play was not a natural category but had to be "invented," and they consider different periods and locations as possible candidates for its invention or adaptation. From child labor and children in war to the children of elites and youth culture, students construct a nuanced picture of male and female childhood. 

This course examines fundamental concepts in probability and mathematical statistics, including probabilistic modelling, limiting results, estimation and hypothesis testing. Topics include random variables and vectors, distribution and quantile functions, covariance and correlation matri-ces, strong law of large numbers, central limit theorem, estimators and their (asymptotic) properties, parametric estimators (maximum likelihood, method of moments), (asymptotic) conĄdence intervals (mean and variance of a normal, difference of means of two normals, ratio of means of two normals), hypothesis tests (theory, power function, p-value, asymptotic tests, likelihood ratio tests). 

This course provides beginners with the foundations of Latin, an ancient and influential European language. Students will learn fundamental aspects of Latin grammar (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics) and read simple original Latin texts that will enable students to acquire a substantial vocabulary. Students will start to consider approaches to analysis and translation, and receive a taste of how Latin was used in different literary and non-literary contexts and genres. Latin is famous for its literature (Cicero, Virgil, and others), and this course is the first step towards being able to read that literature in its original form; but Latin was also for many centuries an everyday language spoken by ordinary people, and the students will uncover some of that Latin too.

This course discusses how typical spatial planning debates relate to wider societal challenges (i.e. planning as the “mirror of society”), but also to critically assess how spatial planning practices can therefore crystalize in very different ways from one planning context to the next. All of this is embedded in a thorough understanding of the fundamental concepts of urban and regional planning. Typical planning issues such as coordination between different spatial scales, sectoral and integrated planning approaches, dealing with scarcity, and flexibility vs. legal certainty are covered. Students are instructed through the pragmatic analytical concept of the planning triangle (object, process, context). This analytical framework helps to systematically relate the fundamental concepts of spatial planning to, on the one hand, the planning theoretical underpinnings and historical development of academic planning thought, and, on the other hand, to current planning dilemmas and practices in various planning systems (dominantly of the Netherlands, but also of other cases worldwide). Throughout the course, links are made to relevant planning methods and the role of the planner as ‘mediator’ in spatial planning processes. The course is structured around a series of lectures on basic concepts of spatial planning and putting these within the wider frame of current planning issues, theoretical debates and actual spatial planning practices and systems in the Netherlands and beyond. The lectures are supported by an academic handbook on spatial planning, that is in line with the pace and topics that are covered in the lectures. Students are encouraged to find supplementary academic and professional literature as theoretical underpinnings and empirical illustrations of their written products. The lectures and book are assessed by means of an individual written examination on the content of the course. Students work in groups on a jointly written group assignment. 

This course introduces the comparative study of civil wars and post-civil war politics. Of various forms of political conflict, it focuses on civil wars (or intra-state conflicts) as they account for over 95 percent of armed conflicts around the world since the end of the Cold War. Drawing on cutting-edge research, it covers six major topics in the field, such as the causes of civil war onset, United Nations peacebuilding operations, and institutional approaches to peacebuilding in civil war-torn countries. The course helps students develop solid understanding and critical thinking about how deadly conflict can be prevented and, if it occurs, what could be the effective ways of managing the violence and building a sustainable peace in the aftermath of conflict. 

This is a historical and critical survey of modern Chinese fiction from 1917 to 1949, with emphasis on the forms of novella and short story. 

This course examines philosophical issues concerning knowledge and the mind. These include metaphysical questions about what minds are, such as whether the mind is something non-physical, and questions about what knowledge is and how (and whether) we can obtain it. We will also cover questions about the existence of god, the possibility of free will, and personal identity.

The course focuses on agroecological principles to analyze and design sustainable and productive farming systems. Agroecological principles include Recycling and efficiency; Living Soils; Biodiversity; Ecosystem services and multi-functionality; Resilience; Fair Markets; Culture & spirituality; Youth & Women; Adequate Policies & governance; Knowledge co-creation and collaboration. How agroecological farming systems are developed across the world, and how principles can be applied and translated into adaptive farming practices and management are explored There is a strong focus on methods, approaches, and indicators used to assess mechanisms that regulate the ecological functioning of farming systems. Methodologies to involve farmers and promote the dialogue between scientific and practical knowledge for the design of agroecological farming systems are learned.