French

This course focuses on theater from the 1600-1700s. It focuses on two works, Racine's BERNICE and Beaumarchais's LE MARIAGE DE FIGARO, a tragedy and a comedy. The course discusses specific playwriting rules from the era and how the time period affects the way that these plays were written and performed. 

This course examines the foundations and evolution of management and organizational theory, focusing on strategic decision-making in complex and globalized environments. It explores the interplay between organizational structure, strategy, ethics, and human behavior, while developing analytical skills for competitive and responsible management.

This course examines the plurality of territorial development models and the economic, social, and political tensions they generate. Through a combination of lectures, guided discussions, applied readings, and case‑based tutorials, it explores how territories seek to enhance competitiveness, attractivity, innovation capacity, and socio‑economic resilience. The course introduces major debates in territorial development, including the definition and evolution of territorial development; competing models such as competitiveness clusters, recreational economies, and mega‑event strategies; the socio‑territorial conflicts arising from development choices; the tensions between economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social equity. By examining contemporary cases—from innovation hubs like Paris‑Saclay to resource conflicts in the Allier region, and from the recreational economy to global sporting events—the course critically assess the impacts, limitations, and contradictions of different development approaches.

The course covers the historical evolution of the French language from its Romance origins to the present day. Examines both internal linguistic change and external historical, political, and cultural influences. The course also considers the expansion of French beyond Europe, contact with other languages and creoles, and modern linguistic perspectives on French in the 21st century.

From a specifically aesthetic perspective, this course focuses on the sound parameters of cinema. It first involves questioning the characteristics of our listening in relation to our capacities for visual analysis, and then defining the notions of sound image and point of listening, as they have been formulated by sound theorists (Pierre Schaeffer, Michel Chion, Daniel Deshays, Peter Sendy). The course combines a historical perspective on theories and techniques of sound in cinema with a taxonomy of cinematic sounds (voice, speech, music, noise, silence) and an examination of the relationships between image and sound (direct sound, post-synchronization, counterpoint).

This course focuses on the relationship between nature and society. It studies how this relationship evolved over history with social movements and how we express our own perspectives and attitudes towards nature in literature. Through Ernest Callenback's ECOTOPIE, the course examines what our relationship will be with nature in the future.

This comparative literature course focuses on the articulation between poetry and animality, and allows students to discover the approach proposed by zoopoetics, to reflect on the modalities of animal presence in poetry while enriching their poetic literary culture. The course discovers zoopoetics, enhances literary and poetic culture, and reflects on the modalities of animal presence in poetry. It develops skills in analysis of literary texts: comparative method; scientific writing method: reading a critical corpus, appropriating it, citing it; developing and structuring a long-form essay. Each lesson is dedicated to an animal figure, studied in comparison with a corpus of poetic texts.

This course provides a foundational understanding of dynamic oceanography, including both global and regional ocean circulation, ocean–atmosphere interactions, as well as the basic equations used to describe fluid motion. A field-based component, involving embarkation on research vessels, familiarizes students with real working conditions in the marine environment and introduces them to observational techniques and data collection at sea.

This course introduces the core methods of grammatical analysis through data from various languages presented in translation. Students learn to segment the speech stream into words, identify rules of agreement and phrase structure, and analyze syntactic units such as noun phrases and verb phrases. The course also covers the Leipzig Glossing Rules for precise morphological and syntactic annotation. Fundamental linguistic concepts—such as sentence structure, word categories, gender, number, case, person, constituents, and word order—are introduced through a comparative approach. These analytical tools are then applied to spoken French, where students produce morphosyntactic glosses and examine key features of French grammar. By the end of the course, students acquire essential skills for understanding how languages encode grammatical information.

This C1 level French course develops argumentative presentation and oral communication skills. Students practice writing an argumentative essay using the French methodology (identify an issue, create an outline, introduction, conclusion); perfect language skills: expand vocabulary, use argumentative tools, engage in conversation and involve the listener; improve comprehension of authentic written and audio materials; and discover and present a characteristic of French culture. The course reviews and deepens knowledge of grammar, syntax, and vocabulary (examples: direct questions in formal language; indirect questions; complex sentence syntax; conditional and subjunctive conjugations). It develops mastery of argumentative tools: logical links (introduction of elements and articulation: examples, addition, nuances, opinion); highlighting ideas; impersonal turns of phrase; expression of opposition and concession, hypothesis, condition.