University of Bologna

This course is part of the LM degree program and is intended for advanced level students. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. The course provides students with an understanding of how a food supply chain is structured, operates, performs, and is managed to increase its competitiveness and sustainability. The course discusses topics including the relevance of food supply chain management; the factors influencing companies’ strategic adjustment to markets globalization and other drivers of change; tools to manage a supply chain; developing critical thinking: discussing supply chain real world experiences; and experiencing the uncertainty in supply chain management.

This is a graduate level course that is part of the Laurea Magistrale program. The course is intended for advanced level students only. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. The course consists of two parts. This course provides students with advanced tools for analyzing and modelling momentum, energy, and mass transport in fluid or solid media. Continuum mechanics approach is used to address the discussion of fluid mechanics, heat. and mass transfer problems. The course focuses on the role of local form of total mass, momentum, energy, and species balance equations.

The first part of the course discusses topics including: Eulerian and Lagrangian views. Local and material derivative. Microscopic mass balance. Microscopic momentum balance. Stress tensor in a fluid. Deformation rate tensor components. Constituive equations for the relation between stress and deformation rate for newtonian fluids, Bingham fluids and Power law fluids. Navier Stokes equation. Laminar flows: Couette flow for the different types of fluids, Falling film flow for the different types of fluids. Example on composite falling film (Bingham and Newtonian fluids): velocity profile, stress profile and flowrate. Poiseuille flow in rectangular and cylindrical channels: stress profile, velocity profile, flowrate for Newtonian, Bingham and Power Law Fluids. Consideration on the solution of the Navier Stokes equation in different cases: Couette, Poiseuille and falling films. Flow in an annulus. Velocity and stress profile for a newtonian fluid. Example: wire coating. Non dimensionalization of Navier Stokes equation. Creeping and Inertial flows. Reynolds and Strouhal number meaning. Application to the unsteady falling film problem. Examples of visocus, bidirectional, pseudo-steady flows. Determination of the velocity profile and force exerted on a squeezing-plate viscometer. Viscometry: viscometric kinematics and viscosity. Coeutte viscometer in planar and cylindrical case. Parallel disk viscometer: velocity profile and estimation of viscosity. Cone and plate viscometer:velocity profile and estimation of viscosity. Capillary viscometer for Newtonian fluids. Pressure profile in fluids in rigid-body rotation. Rabinowitsch treatment of capillary viscometer data: example of application to polymeric solution following power-law behavior. Lubrication theory: study of the velocity and pressure profile in a Michell Bearing, lift force applied. Example of the falling cylinder viscometer. Solution of unsteady laminar flow problems: semiinfinite medium. Solution of 2d problems using the stream function: Creeping flow around a sphere. Potential, inviscid and irrotational flow. Vorticity transport theorem. Euler's equation and Bernoulli's equation. Laplace's equation. Potential flow around a cylinder. D'Alembert paradox. Laminar Boundary layer around a flat plate: Blasius' derivation and numerical solution. Applications: entrance length in a duct. Friction factor. Turbulent flow: time smoothed quantities. Time smoothed version of the continuity equation and Navier Stokes equation with inertial stress. Friction factor as interfacial coefficient in internal flow, external flow and boundary layer: analogy with heat and mass transfer case. Dimensionless diagrams for friction factor in various cases. Flow in porous media: Darcy's law and Ergun equation. Application to the filtration process and fluidization point determination.

The second part of the course discusses topics including: Heat Transfer. Heat transfer: Fourier’s constitutive equation, thermal conductivity for isotropic and anisotropic materials; constitutive equations for internal energy; local energy balance equation. Heat conduction in solids and quiescent fluids: problem formulation, different initial and boundary conditions. Heat conduction in a semi-infinite slab with boundary conditions on temperature or on heat flux; analogy with penetration theory. Calculation of heat transfer coefficient, heat flux and total heat exchanged. Heat conduction in two semi-infinite slabs in contact at the interface. Two dimensional problems of steady heat conduction: use of conformal transformations. Heat conduction in fins; planar fins and efficiency. Bessel’s and modified Bessel’s equations and their solutions. Solution of heat transfer in cylindrical fins and calculation of efficiency. Solution of transient heat transfer problems in slabs and cylinders: methods of separation of variables and Laplace transform method for different boundary conditions. Solutions available in graphs. Heat transfer in fluids under different motion regimes: a) forced convection, non-dimensional equations, Péclèt number and dependence of Nusselt number on the relevant dimensionless numbers; b) free convection, non-dimensional equations, Grashof number and dependence of Nusselt number on Grashof and Prandtl numbers. Thermal boundary layer on flat surface: detailed solution, thickness, heat transfer coefficient, Chilton – Colbourn analogy. Discussion on analogy between heat transfer and fluid motion. Boundary layer on flat surfaces for liquid metals. Mass transfer. Relevant variables, velocity and flux of each species, diffusive velocities and diffusive fluxes. Local mass balances in Lagrangian and Eulerian form. Constitutive equation for the diffusive mass flux (mobility and chemical potential gradients); discussion. Fick’s law, diffusivity in binary solutions; its general properties, dependence on temperature, pressure; typical orders of magnitude for different phases. Mass balance equation for Fickian mixtures; relevant boundary conditions. Discussion and analogy with heat transfer problems. Measurements of diffusivity in gases; Stefan problem of diffusion in stagnant film. Steady state mass transfer in different geometries (planar, cylindrical, and spherical) in single and multilayer walls. Transient mass transfer: problem formulation in different geometries. Solution for transient mass transfer problems: semi-infinite slab with different boundary conditions, films of finite thickness. Calculation of mass flux, of the total sorbed mass; “short times” and “long times” methods for the measurement of diffusivities. Transient permeation through a film: use of time lag and permeability for the determination of diffusivity and solubility coefficients. Transient mass transfer in ion implantation processes. Mass transfer in a falling film and calculation of the mass transfer coefficient. Mass transfer in a fluid in motion: dimensionless equations; dependence of the Sherwood number on the relevant dimensionless numbers: Reynolds and Prandtl in forced convection, Grashof and Prandtl in free convection. Analogy with heat transfer. Graetz problems. Boundary layer problems in mass transfer: mass transfer from a flat surface, mass transfer boundary layer thickness; explicit solution for the concentration profile and for the local mass transfer coefficient. Levèque problem formulation and solution. Chilton – Colbourn analogy; discussion on analogy among the different transport phenomena. Calculation of the mass transfer coefficient. Mass transfer with chemical reaction: analysis of the behavior of isothermal catalysts with different geometries (planar, cylindrical, and spherical), concentration profiles and efficiency dependence on Thiele modulus. Discussion on non-isothermal catalysts behavior and efficiency. Diffusion with surface chemical reaction: metal oxidation problems: general problem formulation and justification through order-of-magnitude analysis of the pseudo-steady state approximation; solution and oxide thickness dependence on time. Diffusion with chemical reaction in the bulk: concentration dependence on Damkholer number. Absorption with chemical reaction: determination of the mass transfer coefficient and of the enhancement factor for the case of instantaneous reactions, Hatta’s method. Calculation of mass transfer coefficient and enhancement factor for the case of slow and fast reactions; film theory. Elements of turbulent mass transport and on dispersion problems in laminar flows (Taylor-Aris dispersion) and in porous media.

This is a graduate level course that is part of the Laurea Magistrale program. The course is intended for advanced level students only. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. Students who complete a special project on a pre-approved topic are awarded 1 extra unit. Maximum units for this course are 8. The course has 2 parts: A & B. Students must take both. No partial credit is possible. PART A: Fluid mechanics; PART B: Transport Phenomena. This course provides students with advanced tools for analyzing and modelling momentum, energy, and mass transport in fluid or solid media. Continuum mechanics approach is used to address the discussion of fluid mechanics, heat. and mass transfer problems. The course focuses on the role of local form of total mass, momentum, energy, and species balance equations.

Part A discusses topics including: Eulerian and Lagrangian views. Local and material derivative. Microscopic mass balance. Microscopic momentum balance. Stress tensor in a fluid. Deformation rate tensor components. Constituive equations for the relation between stress and deformation rate for newtonian fluids, Bingham fluids and Power law fluids. Navier Stokes equation. Laminar flows: Couette flow for the different types of fluids, Falling film flow for the different types of fluids. Example on composite falling film (Bingham and Newtonian fluids): velocity profile, stress profile and flowrate. Poiseuille flow in rectangular and cylindrical channels: stress profile, velocity profile, flowrate for Newtonian, Bingham and Power Law Fluids. Consideration on the solution of the Navier Stokes equation in different cases: Couette, Poiseuille and falling films. Flow in an annulus. Velocity and stress profile for a newtonian fluid. Example: wire coating. Non dimensionalization of Navier Stokes equation. Creeping and Inertial flows. Reynolds and Strouhal number meaning. Application to the unsteady falling film problem. Examples of visocus, bidirectional, pseudo-steady flows. Determination of the velocity profile and force exerted on a squeezing-plate viscometer. Viscometry: viscometric kinematics and viscosity. Coeutte viscometer in planar and cylindrical case. Parallel disk viscometer: velocity profile and estimation of viscosity. Cone and plate viscometer:velocity profile and estimation of viscosity. Capillary viscometer for Newtonian fluids. Pressure profile in fluids in rigid-body rotation. Rabinowitsch treatment of capillary viscometer data: example of application to polymeric solution following power-law behavior. Lubrication theory: study of the velocity and pressure profile in a Michell Bearing, lift force applied. Example of the falling cylinder viscometer. Solution of unsteady laminar flow problems: semiinfinite medium. Solution of 2d problems using the stream function: Creeping flow around a sphere. Potential, inviscid and irrotational flow. Vorticity transport theorem. Euler's equation and Bernoulli's equation. Laplace's equation. Potential flow around a cylinder. D'Alembert paradox. Laminar Boundary layer around a flat plate: Blasius' derivation and numerical solution. Applications: entrance length in a duct. Friction factor. Turbulent flow: time smoothed quantities. Time smoothed version of the continuity equation and Navier Stokes equation with inertial stress. Friction factor as interfacial coefficient in internal flow, external flow and boundary layer: analogy with heat and mass transfer case. Dimensionless diagrams for friction factor in various cases. Flow in porous media: Darcy's law and Ergun equation. Application to the filtration process and fluidization point determination.

Part B discusses topics including: Heat Transfer. Heat transfer: Fourier’s constitutive equation, thermal conductivity for isotropic and anisotropic materials; constitutive equations for internal energy; local energy balance equation. Heat conduction in solids and quiescent fluids: problem formulation, different initial and boundary conditions. Heat conduction in a semi-infinite slab with boundary conditions on temperature or on heat flux; analogy with penetration theory. Calculation of heat transfer coefficient, heat flux and total heat exchanged. Heat conduction in two semi-infinite slabs in contact at the interface. Two dimensional problems of steady heat conduction: use of conformal transformations. Heat conduction in fins; planar fins and efficiency. Bessel’s and modified Bessel’s equations and their solutions. Solution of heat transfer in cylindrical fins and calculation of efficiency. Solution of transient heat transfer problems in slabs and cylinders: methods of separation of variables and Laplace transform method for different boundary conditions. Solutions available in graphs. Heat transfer in fluids under different motion regimes: a) forced convection, non-dimensional equations, Péclèt number and dependence of Nusselt number on the relevant dimensionless numbers; b) free convection, non-dimensional equations, Grashof number and dependence of Nusselt number on Grashof and Prandtl numbers. Thermal boundary layer on flat surface: detailed solution, thickness, heat transfer coefficient, Chilton – Colbourn analogy. Discussion on analogy between heat transfer and fluid motion. Boundary layer on flat surfaces for liquid metals. Mass transfer. Relevant variables, velocity and flux of each species, diffusive velocities and diffusive fluxes. Local mass balances in Lagrangian and Eulerian form. Constitutive equation for the diffusive mass flux (mobility and chemical potential gradients); discussion. Fick’s law, diffusivity in binary solutions; its general properties, dependence on temperature, pressure; typical orders of magnitude for different phases. Mass balance equation for Fickian mixtures; relevant boundary conditions. Discussion and analogy with heat transfer problems. Measurements of diffusivity in gases; Stefan problem of diffusion in stagnant film. Steady state mass transfer in different geometries (planar, cylindrical, and spherical) in single and multilayer walls. Transient mass transfer: problem formulation in different geometries. Solution for transient mass transfer problems: semi-infinite slab with different boundary conditions, films of finite thickness. Calculation of mass flux, of the total sorbed mass; “short times” and “long times” methods for the measurement of diffusivities. Transient permeation through a film: use of time lag and permeability for the determination of diffusivity and solubility coefficients. Transient mass transfer in ion implantation processes. Mass transfer in a falling film and calculation of the mass transfer coefficient. Mass transfer in a fluid in motion: dimensionless equations; dependence of the Sherwood number on the relevant dimensionless numbers: Reynolds and Prandtl in forced convection, Grashof and Prandtl in free convection. Analogy with heat transfer. Graetz problems. Boundary layer problems in mass transfer: mass transfer from a flat surface, mass transfer boundary layer thickness; explicit solution for the concentration profile and for the local mass transfer coefficient. Levèque problem formulation and solution. Chilton – Colbourn analogy; discussion on analogy among the different transport phenomena. Calculation of the mass transfer coefficient. Mass transfer with chemical reaction: analysis of the behavior of isothermal catalysts with different geometries (planar, cylindrical, and spherical), concentration profiles and efficiency dependence on Thiele modulus. Discussion on non-isothermal catalysts behavior and efficiency. Diffusion with surface chemical reaction: metal oxidation problems: general problem formulation and justification through order-of-magnitude analysis of the pseudo-steady state approximation; solution and oxide thickness dependence on time. Diffusion with chemical reaction in the bulk: concentration dependence on Damkholer number. Absorption with chemical reaction: determination of the mass transfer coefficient and of the enhancement factor for the case of instantaneous reactions, Hatta’s method. Calculation of mass transfer coefficient and enhancement factor for the case of slow and fast reactions; film theory. Elements of turbulent mass transport and on dispersion problems in laminar flows (Taylor-Aris dispersion) and in porous media.

This is a graduate level course that is part of the Laurea Magistrale program. The course is intended for advanced level students only. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. The course focuses on women's popular culture with specific reference to travel literature and critical utopias, within a gender perspective. This course explores the multi-layered meanings that utopia as a literary genre and utopianism as a form of thought acquire for women’s access to writing and to the public and contemporary debates. Starting from the analysis of some emblematic texts written by male authors, for example UTOPIA (1516) by Thomas More and NEW ATLANTIS (1628) by Francis Bacon, the course investigates the way in which this hybrid genre initiates a dialogue with classical utopianism and the great tradition as well as intertwining it with other contemporary emergent literary genres (travel writing, romance, novel, closet drama, theater and scientific treatises). The course then explores female forms of utopia from the 17th century to the 20th century and examines the ways in which female writers read the utopian paradigm and interpret it as a possible space for female agency and empowerment. The course also questions how women used the utopian paradigm to discuss the obstacles and possibilities in women’s private and public life and to propose social and political changes.

In this course students obtain knowledge in microbiology topics with a focus on the main microbial groups involved in bioenergy production from biomasses and in the biodegradation of environmental pollutants. Students are able to apply acquired knowledge in the management of plants for bioenergy production and for the bioremediation of contaminated habitats. The course is composed of two sections, each one having a theoretical part, performed via usual class teaching, and a practical part, performed via laboratory activity or visits to farms/factories. Part 1: Application of microorganisms in bioenergy and bioplastic production including biogas production, bioethanol production, biohydrogen production, and bioplastic production. This part of the course includes a visit to a biogas producing plant fed with waste products and biomasses. Part 2: Application of microorganisms for environmental remediation including soil, water and wastewater, and microbial indicators in water pollution and decontamination. Prerequisite for this course is a course in general microbiology and a course in biochemistry.

This course is part of the LM degree program and is intended for advanced level students. Enrolment is by consent of the instructor. The course is graded on a P/NP basis. The course introduces students to the Italian literary culture of the 16th and 20th century. It provides a wide historical background on the issue, together with the basic tools for reading, analyzing, and contextualizing Italian works of the Renaissance, and the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Course topics vary each term. For the most up to date version of the course topics, access the University of Bologna Online Course Catalog. The fall 2023 lectures are organized in four modules, and focus on a diverse range of literary topics. Module one focuses on women, female characters, and gender between Renaissance and post-unification Italy. Module two focuses on Women’s Education in Early Modern Italy: Theory and Actuality. Module three is on Women and society in the Italian peninsula (c. XIX). Module four introduces topic Of Ladies, of Passions and of Wars: Representation of Women in the Italian Resistance.

The course examines pre-Columbian art history in one or more areas of the American continent. The course explores the potential and limits of applying the “art” category to pre-colonial indigenous productions. The course includes an overview of fundamental elements of the current debate on the anthropology of art. The course analyzes the artistic productions of Mesoamerican pre-colonial indigenous peoples to explore their multiple aesthetic, religious, and political functions. The course discusses how such products were perceived, collected, and exhibited in museums in modern times, focusing attention on the objects’ materiality and agency, here perceived as their ability to continuously arouse new questions and discourses. The course examines topics including art and anthropology; artistic practices in ancient Mesoamerica (Olmecs, Maya, Teotihuacan, Aztecs); Indigenous American artefacts in early modern European collections; birth and transformation of the Ethnographic museum, with specific focus on the musealization of Haida artifacts; and contemporary indigenous art and politics of display.

This is a special studies course that involves an internship with a corporate, public, government or private organization, arranged with the Study Center Director or Liaison Officer. The special study projects generally involve teaching a mini-course on American culture (literature, music, art, or history) and/or English as a second language in a local school or private organization under the supervision of an experienced teacher. Internships vary each term and are described on a special study project form for each student. A substantial paper or series of reports is required along with actual lesson plans. Units vary depending on the contact hours and method of assessment. The total units for the academic year cannot exceed 12.0. Pass/no pass only.

This course is part of the Laurea Magistrale program. The course is intended for advanced level students only. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. The course provides critical and cultural awareness in contemporary Italian literature and civilization. Literary texts are analyzed as open shapes, focusing on the relationships between tradition and cultural legacies. The course discusses a corpus of selected prose works through comparative analysis and practice on different methods of interpretation. The topic of the spring term of the 2018-2019 academic year is: Italian Noir. The course aims to present contemporary noir representations, such as transmedia narrative examples that incorporate entertainment experiences on multiple multimedia platforms. Noir has been compared to the Italian realist novel, for its search for the representation of the reality and its ability to describe the dark aspects of a social community. The course highlights the features that allow the “noir all'italiana” genre. The analysis of the production shows how the traditional genre is resumed or reconfigured in texts confronted with a cultural production increasingly dominated by visual culture. In different ways the case studies reflect on how other media, and the relationships with them, give rise to an inquiry into the Italian society that portrays literature as civil engagement. Required readings: ROMANZO CRIMINALE by De Cataldo, LA FEROCIA by Nicola Lagioia, IL SOGNO DI VOLARE by Carlo Lucarelli, CATTIVI SOFFETTI by Daniele Brolli, CINACITTÀ by Tommaso Pincio, NARRARE AL TEMPO DELLA GLOBALIZZAZIONE by Roberto Rossi, and CRIMINI E MISFATTI LA NARRATIVA NOIR ITALIAN DEGIL ANNI DUEMILA by E. Mondello. The course is based on traditional lectures with student participation in discussions. Students are invited to present specific materials of some of the texts and authors. The course also includes the use of audiovisual materials, and a guest lecture series on specific topics related to course topics. Assessment is based on a final oral exam whose aim is an evaluation of the student's critical and methodological ability. Students are invited to discuss the texts on the course and must demonstrate an appropriate knowledge of the bibliography in the syllabus.

This course is part of the Laurea Magistrale program. The course is intended for advanced level students only. Enrollment is by consent of the instructor. The course covers the basic information necessary for understanding the complexity of modern Archaeological Museology: from knowledge of the scientific subject of Museology to Museum Practice. The course focuses on topics including the history of museology: from the “archetype” of museums in the ancient world to the “relational” museum today; the question of the role of media in museums today; experimental archaeology and ethno-archaeology in connection with archaeological preservation and enhancement; the question of archaeological parks designed to create interest and foster critical debate; and archeological tourism: management and culture. Students submit a case study that focuses on a specific museum, exhibition site, or archaeological park, or is an analysis of a specific theme related to the course. Case study outlines are provided during the course. The course includes two visits to local museums at the end of the scheduled class lectures. Assessment is based on a final oral exam covering course materials and a discussion of the case study. Students in Art History can take the course for under the Art History subject area in consultation with the instructor. In this case, students concentrate on the history of museum exhibits that focus on art objects such as paintings, ceramics, and even jewelry. Topics covered include museum architecture, history of museums, museums and cultural heritage, management of museums, and marketing of museums and exhibits: museum tourism.