Denmark

This course looks at the nexus of identities, digital data and technologies, and methods, drawing on literature from anthropology, social data science, science and technology studies, and related fields. The course considers how identities have creatively flourished, but also provides a critical interrogation of how gender, race, and other forms of difference and inequality are reproduced in and through digital data and technologies. This course begins with considering the history of digital data and technologies, and the methods and tools used to understand digital identities from the fields of anthropology and data science. This includes examining differing approaches to ethics in these fields. The course also explores theories about identity and different ways identities are constructed and performed through digital technologies, such as social media, internet cultures, and fitness trackers. It also explores the identities of those who design and build these technologies, the politics and norms reproduced through technologies themselves, and the effects they have with particular attention to the role of gender and race. Finally, the political economic contexts of these technologies and the formation of digital identities are considered.

The course focuses on the international systems for the protection of human rights. Its purpose is to make students familiar with the institutional mechanisms and substantive provisions in force at the global and regional levels to protect human rights in the United Nations, European, American and African regimes of protection. The class addresses the key challenges in current international human rights law through a number of thematic explorations of topical issue areas and clusters of complementary rights and obligations. Throughout the semester, the class is required to discuss and provide critical perspectives on the case law of international courts and tribunals in light of theoretical and academic perspectives. Students also consider the institutional viability of the current regime(s) and the opportunities and difficulties of pushing forward the overall normative agenda of international human rights law.

Health policy is a core component of western welfare states. It is also a very complex and contested policy field where hierarchical, market, clan, and network based governance forms meet and sometimes conflict. A diverse range of national and international actors influence health policymaking. This seminar provides an introduction to comparative health policy analysis as a method for analyzing and comparing health systems. Nordic health systems are used as case examples, but comparisons are made to other types of health systems in Europe. Theories from comparative health policy, public administration, and health economics are presented as frameworks for analyzing differences and similarities.

In recent years, the application and integration of neuroscientific tools, knowledge, and theories in marketing and consumer research have increased steadily. There is an increased interest in investigating implicit and unconscious processes with the help of neuroscientific methods in order to better understand decision-making. Despite this interest, there are still problems and limitations of this newly emerged research field and it needs to be clarified what can and what cannot be done using neuroscientific research methods in a consumer research context. Therefore, the aim of this course is a review and discussion of recent scientific and methodological developments about benefits and limitations as well as ethical considerations associated with the integration of neuroscientific research into marketing research. Against this background, the course includes the following general key themes: introduction into consumer neuroscience and neuromarketing; basics in structural and functional brain anatomy and neuroscientific methods; consumers' decision-making with insights from consumer neuroscience/neuromarketing; marketing-mix (4 P's) and insights from consumer neuroscience/neuromarketing; ethical considerations.

This course is a study of the foreign policy of post-Soviet Russia and its neighbors, and it provides an overview of international relations in this region. It argues that in order to better understand the behavior of post-Soviet states in the international arena, students must examine not only political, but also cultural, historical, and religious phenomena. This course focuses on factors shaping the collective identities of international actors, including the role of Orthodox Christianity, dominant ideologies, geography and perception of space, literature, arts, and creative imagination.

This course covers the following: sequences of random variables, almost sure convergence, Kolmogorov's 0-1 law; the strong law of large numbers; weak convergence of probability measures; characteristic functions; the central limit theorem; triangular arrays and Lindebergs condition; the multivariate central limit theorem; the ergodic theorem.

Using theories and analytical tools from microeconomics and macroeconomics, this course introduces the basic economic concepts relevant for analyzing problems and policies relating to the environment, natural resources, and climate change. Students learn concepts related to the central economic services provided by the environment, the basic theory of optimal management of natural resources, the distinction between weak and strong sustainability, the basic principles for valuation of environmental goods and services, the theory of the environment as a public good, and more. Students apply the standard mathematical method for static optimization subject to constraints to analyze environmental policy problems such as the determination of the optimal level of pollution abatement and the optimal environmental tax rates. This course also covers the application of optimal control theory to solve dynamic optimization problems subject to constraints such as the determination of the optimal extraction of natural resources and the optimal pace of reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Students explain and present central parts of economic theories and models of the environment, natural resources, and climate change, and apply the theoretical and empirical insights from the course in a critical analysis and discussion of important real-world problems of environmental and climate policy.

Behavioral Economics is the scientific study of decision making, and of the related topics of valuation, exchange, and interpersonal interactions. Drawing on methods from psychology, sociology, neurology, and economics, this course illuminates one of the most deeply fundamental activities of human existence: the decision process. Behavioral Economics couples scientific research on psychology with economic theory to better understand what motivates peoples' decision making. The course examines topics such as: how does emotion rather than cognition determine decisions, irrational patterns of how people think about things, how do expectations shape perceptions, group decision making, institutional cooperation, economic and psychological analyses of dishonesty, how trust and cooperation are formed and what the brighter and darker sides of them are, how do incomplete contracts affect employees' work motivation, how people really behave in their everyday life, what the physiology of joint action is, what are the biological, hormonal, and neuronal bases of prosocial behavior, how does pain and arousal affects our decision making, why do we do weird stuff, and how social incentives motivate labor. The course also explores intriguing questions regarding human behavior as: Why do people donate differently in similar cultures? When faced with the same medical condition, why do doctors choose objectively better treatment for their patients than they do for themselves? Why a third option when choosing a product does make a big difference, when actually nothing has changed? Why pain is sometimes good for you? This highly interdisciplinary course is relevant to students with interests in management, behavioral psychology, entrepreneurship, marketing, anthropology, sociology, and even biology. This course also surveys research which incorporates psychological evidence into economics. The seminar has two facets. First, it gives students a broad overview of important results from various behavioral sciences (e.g., behavioral decision research, social and cognitive psychology, consumer research) that clarify how people really make decisions. Second, it provides students with practical advice about applying these findings to their research interests and their life.