Denmark

This course is a cursory introduction to the recent socio-environmental history of Denmark that focuses on such issues as social cohesion, pollution, energy, biodiversity, climate change, knowledge production, governance, economy, technology and everyday environmentalism will form the common ground for transnational and transdisciplinary comparisons. In seminars and discussions, various analytical approaches and their reach and applicability for a truly sustainable development are examined.

This course discusses research addressing questions related to morality, typically relying on experimental approaches. It covers modern theories of moral behavior, as well as quantitative lab and field studies on individual and situational factors related to moral and immoral behaviors such as altruism, cheating, and cooperativeness. The course focuses on a broad range of topics including individual and situational predictors of moral judgments and decision making.

The course consists of a conceptual and a practical part. The conceptual part includes the business opportunity, business planning/business model creation, the people, entrepreneurial marketing and strategy, and entrepreneurial finance and venture capital. The practical part focuses on writing a business plan.

This course develops the student’s ability to participate in a professional debate concerning the solution to a business issue. This involves structured thinking and presentation of arguments, the ability to analyze counter-arguments in a timely fashion and relate constructively to other people’s suggestions. Describe the theories and models that are taught in the course Apply the theories and models of the course in case study settings Identify and analyze management accounting issues and management control issues Evaluate management control systems and management accounting practices Recommend courses of action for management with respect to their management accounting practices and control systems The aim of the course is to provide the student with both theoretical understanding and practical skills of management control systems and management accounting practices. Management control systems are perceived as a mechanism to increase the likelihood for an organization to 1) achieve its objectives, and 2) utilize resources efficiently when implementing strategies. Additionally, the management control system can become an early warning system for feeding back information to the strategic planning and control system. Alternatives to management accounting are introduced, but the main focus is on financial results control systems ranging from planning and budgeting models to Balanced Scorecards. The student will learn to integrate performance measurement, evaluation, and incentives as part of a management control system to be able to influence an organization to actions and behavior that will increase goal congruence and the achievement of objectives. The course also deals with important management control roles and ethical issues faced by managers and employees. The course contains the following elements: Management control alternatives (results controls, action controls, and people controls) Design criteria for management control systems including analysis of control tightness and cost vs. benefit Financial result control systems used in for-profit organizations including Decentralizing in financial responsibility centers Allocating resources effectively with the use of transfer prices Planning and budgeting processes Determining financial performance targets Designing performance dependent reward systems Performance measurement issues and their effects on financial results control systems, most notably the problems of myopia and uncontrollable factors Control remedies to performance measurement issues with particular focus on the Balanced Scorecard Situational influences (e.g., corporate strategy) on management control systems Management control considerations for nonprofit organization Corporate control roles and the organization of corporate governance Management control related ethical issues The class is very interactive and focuses on both theory and problem-solving skills. In line with the learning objectives, students will be assigned to groups who are going to a) present one case study and b) discuss (and challenge) one case study solution throughout the course. Groups and dates will be published on learn after the first session. Since the exam format is an oral exam, active student participation is crucial.

This course focuses on the ecological and evolutionary patterns and processes that drive biotic and abiotic interactions at population and community levels. A major focus of the course is to use ecological theory to understand basic and applied questions in plant ecology with relevance to global sustainability objectives. It covers the basic principles in plant population and community ecology that will help to address the challenges for plant population ecology (demography, population dynamics, dispersal), biotic interactions (plant-plant, plant-microbe, and plant-herbivore interactions and their impacts on plant populations, communities, and co-evolution), evolutionary ecology (life history, local adaptation, population, and ecological genetics), and plant community ecology (community structure, succession, species diversity). The course also explores the importance of basic plant ecology for addressing current global agri-environmental and sustainability challenges (zero hunger, life on land, responsible consumption and production, climate action) through lectures and seminars, student- and teacher-led classroom discussion, literature criticism, and project work. Case studies include plant invasions, pest management, plant ecology and evolution in human-influenced environments, plant diversity, big data, and citizen science for plant ecology.

This course introduces a general statistical approach to the design of laboratory and similar experiments. It covers how to analyze the resulting data, including statistical quality control, in order to assure accuracy and precision so that reliable and reproducible conclusions can be drawn concerning the relations being studied. Along with the statistical and methodological content of the course, a number of concrete and frequently used pharmaceutical applications (designed experiments) are presented. Examples include clinical trials (including crossover and repeated measures designs), toxicity testing, bio-equivalence analyses, assay validation, and design and analysis of epidemiological surveys.