Lund University

The course looks at economic theories and the process of integration, with a focus on European integration. The first part of the course examines various trade policy measures, their economic effects and the role of the WTO in multilateral liberalization, and international integration. Emphasis is put on current WTO issues and the challenges faced by the future trade system. The second part of the course looks at economic theories aimed at explaining the purpose and the effects of regional integration. This part focuses on the factors that impact on the economic effects of regional integration as well as on policies that are of importance for the integration process. Emphasis is put on the various types of regional integration, various forms of market structure and competition policy. The third part studies the process of multilateral trade liberalization within the framework of the WTO. Special emphasis is placed on current WTO issues and the challenges of the future multilateral trade system. Here, the regional dimension of economic integration is also examined.

This course covers an overview of solid-state microanalysis methods, including elastic and inelastic scattering, identification of phases by morphology, chemical composition, electron diffraction, and microscopy. Principles and functions of different types of microscopes for materials analysis as well as spectroscopy for elemental analysis, analysis of spectra are also reviewed. Methods for surface analysis: Atomic force microscopy, scanning tunnelling microscopy, LEED, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) are covered.

This course covers analytic functions, special functions (gamma function, Bessel functions, Legendre polynomials and spherical harmonics), Fourier series and Fourier transforms, Laplace transforms, Ordinary differential equations, partial differential equations, and green functions.

The course introduces the world of business administration, and discusses how organizations, particularly in the real estate and built environment field, are managed. The core topics on the course comprise corporate social responsibility (environmental and societal issues), strategy, leadership, marketing, financial accounting, management accounting, organizational culture, and innovation. The course studies businesses' goals, conditions under which they operate, and management and analysis tools. Special focus is placed on strategic management. Societally critical topics, including corporate social responsibility and transforming spatial needs due to the societal environmental and digital transition are widely discussed during the course.

The course follows the emergence of the modern media environment from the middle of the 19th century up to the 1940s. The thematic focus is on the interwoven development of various media, nations, and nationalisms. For example, telegraphy's infrastructures, the changes in the late 19th century press, how the newspaper staff were transformed from litterateurs to journalists, advertising and consumption in mass society, how sound media such as the radio, the telephone and the phonograph were developed from public to private listening, early film and media, and propaganda during the two world wars are examined.

This course introduces some of the fundamentals of writing short literary fiction. Read, study, and discuss contemporary short fiction reading, as well as the craft choices that shape those stories. Also engage in creative writing exercises and give and receive feedback on written work. No prior creative writing experience is necessary.

The course focuses on the significance of rhetoric for human rights and democracy. The course provides tools to communicate opinions in societal contexts in a respectful, authentic, and effective manner, considering different opinions and interests. Students practice effectively listening to, formulating, and delivering messages.

The course is an introduction to the interdisciplinary field of Environmental Humanities, providing insight into this dynamic and emerging area and demonstrating how to integrate humanities subjects and perspectives into other domains of research and policy. Through a series of case studies (e.g., what can be learned from literature, history, and philosophy about climate change, the human relationship with nature, and the role of emotions in sustainability debates), the course offers basic knowledge on how to broaden, understand, and critically examine environmental issues and sustainability efforts.

The course is aimed at students of French interested in the development of the French language and who want to specialize in the study of orthography and understand some of the difficulties that everyone who has ever had to learn to spell in French have been confronted with. The course starts with Medieval French, when there were no rules, and follows the public debate that resulted in the emergence of a normative language with respect to both grammar and spelling. Within the scope of the course, a number of texts from different periods are discussed. The course ends with an advanced assignment where the student is expected to carry out an analysis of a self-chosen text. The approach is chosen by the student in consultation with the lecturer and should be linked to the focus of the course, that is French orthography.

Many countries rely heavily on voluntary organisations during crises, and their efforts are often crucial in reducing the social impact of a crisis. The course focuses on the phenomenon of volunteerism and discusses the role of volunteerism and voluntary organisations linked to crisis and war in Swedish society as political and empirical phenomena. The course inventories and discusses volunteerism and voluntary organisations and their formal and informal relationship to public organisations and authorities.