French

This course addresses how history has been punctuated by civil resistance and disobedience movements whose characteristics, combats, tools, and arms get more sophisticated, shared, and reinvented as time moves forward. It identifies the news as a marker of movements of citizen protest, social opposition, demonstrations (such as Climate), and other acts of disobedience. From Thoreau to Gandhi, from Martin Luther King to the Extinction Rebellion movement, from Radio London (1940-1944) to the fight for the Larzac or the ZAD of Notre-Dames-des-Landes, this course explores how specific movements are born and fed and how media plays a role in the development or the resonance of these actions, from yesterday's press to modern platforms. The course includes analysis, readings, and deconstruction of what is called “civil disobedience and resistance,” in both democracies and authoritarian countries, from yesterday to today.

This course examines how international law was an instrument used by the European colonial enterprise under the name "International Law of Civilized Nations." It then considers how it can be used today to repair the crimes linked to past colonizations. 

This course presents the main characteristics of the French school system, with a focus on elementary school. It includes a theoretical part and an application part, through the participation of students in an introduction to their native language and culture for elementary school pupils. The topics presented in the theoretical part include: organization of the French school system (in a comparative perspective); focus on a French characteristic: nursery school; inclusive education and the schooling of children with disabilities; the case of allophone pupils and openness to other languages at school. This course provides insights of the French school system and prepares exchange students to speak in front of primary school pupils as part of a multicultural team. Students reflect on aspects of their native culture and language that it would be relevant to share with the pupils.