France

This course examines a focused corpus of artworks: Jacques-Louis David, THE DEATH OF MARAT and THE INTERVENTION OF THE SABINE WOMEN; Antoine-Jean Gros, BONAPARTE VISITING THE PLAGUE VICTIMS OF JAFFA; Théodore Géricault, THE RAFT OF THE MEDUSA; Eugène Delacroix, LIBERTY LEADING THE PEOPLE; Gustave Courbet, A BURIAL AT ORNANS; and Edgar Degas, LITTLE DANCER AGED FOURTEEN. It conducts an historical study of these landmark works, while opening onto broader perspectives such as the history of the tableau vivant, theater, and cinema, and initiating a reflection on their place within contemporary visual culture. Two sessions are devoted to the relationship between history painting and early cinema, with a particular focus on Jean-Léon Gérôme's JERUSALEM and Luc-Olivier Merson's REST ON THE FLIGHT INTO EGYPT.
 

This course provides a comprehensive introduction to the field of international management, focusing particularly on the cultural, social, and organizational challenges that arise when conducting business across national borders. The course develops foundational competencies needed to understand, analyze, and navigate cultural diversity in professional contexts. Through theoretical frameworks, case studies, and practical exercises, students learn to interpret how cultural values shape managerial behavior, organizational structures, communication styles, and decision‑making processes around the world. The course provides the analytical tools necessary to understand why managerial practices differ across countries and how to adapt their own approaches when operating in international environments.

This course presents the main geological characteristics of marine environments (excluding the water column). It examines the dynamics of the various structural entities that make up oceanic domains—mid‑ocean ridges, subduction zones, abyssal plains, continental margins, oceanic plateaus, and islands—and the sedimentary processes that occur within them. These elements are situated within the broader framework of lithospheric plate dynamics. The course combines classroom lectures, guided practical sessions involving the analysis of oceanographic data, and fieldwork. In addition, a guest lecture addresses current global issues affecting marine domains at the international scale.

This course studies the relationship between states and social movements in Latin America. First, it provides an overview of Latin America at the beginning of the 21st century, with some of the strong political changes that mark the first decades of the century. It then talks more specifically about the political intermediaries that were multiplied or imposed within the framework of these changes, before studying further precisely some of the most important mobilizations of the period contemporary such as feminist mobilizations, indigenous peoples, or against megaprojects. Thus, it considers the different forms and repertoires that these movements use to oppose the public policies of their governments. The multiplicity of these forms provide an overview of the actions of protest in the American subcontinent to the most contemporary period.

This course covers artistic creation during the Italian Renaissance: the work and its spatial context. It discusses methodology of analysis, analyzing architectural and pictorial works, analysis of the building's integration into the site, architectural analysis of the building, analysis of the work's integration into the space, analysis of the iconographic program, exhaustive analysis of a work from the iconographic program. Students create a commentary on a work, including fixed works (architectural creations, frescoes, mosaics) permanently linked to a place (bearing in mind that a fresco can be detached, a mosaic dismantled, a building reassembled); mobile works (easel paintings, sculptures, manuscripts), which can be moved from one place to another (but can only occupy one place at a time), heritage furnishings.

Through an exploration of texts and visual representations of Fortune, this course examines how instability and change were represented and written about during the Renaissance.

Beyond the idea that revolutions are the driving forces of social and political transformation, this course examines revolutions in their historical time as well as across history from the perspective of political anthropology. It uses the concepts of liminality, social dramas, crowd behavior, imitation, tricksters, and meaning formation. These concepts disentangle the study of revolutions from structures and the search for causes and outcomes, as well as from ideology, culture, and agency, opening them to a comparative analysis at the level of process, form, and symbolism. After a theoretical introduction, the course turns its focus on historical experiences of the major socio-political revolutions of the modern era: the "big three" revolutions (French, Russian, and Chinese revolutions); the "third world" (Mexico, Cuba) to eastern Europe in 1989; from Iran (1978-1979) to the Arab Spring (2011). The course concludes by looking back at the main themes covered by the class and examining the prospect for revolutionary change in the contemporary world, thus considering whether the concept of revolution should be consigned, or not, to the "dustbin of history." Students are encouraged to develop comparisons across time and space.

This course is a theater workshop to develop new skills and knowledge. It strengthens the spirit of group cohesion through the feeling of belonging to a team. It allows students to free up speech through “doing” and thus gain confidence in speaking. It facilitates active, practical, and collaborative learning. Finally, it is an opportunity to discover texts and authors of French literature. Students develop oral skills through theatrical play: acting and interpreting, speaking in public; adapt to different communication situations: self-awareness and letting go; write theatrical dialogue; and discover French theater and theatrical techniques.

Building on concepts such as ecosystem structure, biogeochemical cycles, and the principles of ecological succession, this course further clarifies, through concrete examples, the interactions between the functioning of natural environments and their development and use by humans. Using case studies, primarily focused on hydrosystems, the course addresses the functioning of water‑related environments and the management challenges they present. Special attention is given to how ecological processes (matter cycling, species interactions, and habitat evolution) shape these environments over time. Lacustrine systems, rivers, and wetlands—ecosystems particularly sensitive to climate disturbances—are emphasized. These case studies may be complemented by field-based investigations

This course provides an in-depth exploration of fundamental and emerging concepts in cancer biology through a combination of lectures, student-led seminars, and hands-on laboratory work. It is designed to develop both theoretical knowledge and critical analysis skills essential for understanding cancer mechanisms and research methodologies. Topics include: cell cycle; chromosome segregation; cell-matrix interactions; cell death; Ubiquitin-Proteasome System; asymmetric cell division; DNA replication; signaling pathways; tumor microenvironment; energy metabolism; stem cells; biosynthetic pathways.