France

This course consults primary sources such as the Declaration of Independence, the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights and analyzes these documents by reading numerous works presenting the history of the United States. The course develops text commentary techniques, and oral participation and group work form an integral part of the tutorials.

This course examines the definition of propaganda and the persuasion of the masses in the contemporary world. It relies on several disciplines (history, communication, sociology, political sciences, social psychology, art history, and neuroscience) and puts into perspective the evolution of propaganda and persuasion from the "age of paper" through the "digital age." Students analyze a multitude of platforms (text, fixed images, animated images, sound, objects, and monuments) by using both a theoretical and empirical approach. Along with a methodology of writing and presentation, this course explores critical analysis in a global perspective and techniques of forming public opinion.

This course is an introduction to digital image processing and analysis. Students benefit from an overview of image processing methods (histogram restauration, convolution filters, mathematical morphology, segmentation) and image analysis methods (pattern recognition, identification, etc.). During the course students: learn how to manage 2D, 3D, and animated images; understand human perception and image acquisition; discover image segmentation, registration, and analysis; concrete implementation through existing tools or simple script development; study algorithms to obtain features from images (histogram, filters, descriptors).

This tutorial course focuses on Francophone literature. It discusses two novels centered around the idea of laughter and irony, as well as excerpts from critical texts and other short literary works.

This course studies the theories and concepts of Judaism. It examines its principal texts and practices as the literature and customs of this religion serve as a gateway to understanding its fundamental philosophical structure.

Combining political history, political law, and political science, this course examines how political life is organized in France, how constitutional texts and institutional practices interact, and how the new and old political worlds relate to each other. Representative democracy is being questioned. Participatory democracy is regenerating it. Referendum-based or even “digital” democracy is being called for. Presidential dominance over the parliamentary majority remains subject to the agreement of both presidential and parliamentary majorities. Rationalized parliamentarianism is increasingly being questioned. In a context of political radicalization, the course considers how Parliament, the majority, and the opposition are organized; why revise the Constitution, why certain failures, why question our institutions again; how Parliament positions itself in relation to random selection, how it deals with climate transition, and what are its ethics.