University of Commerce Luigi Bocconi

This course offers an exploration of the origins, functions, and effects of political institutions in historical perspective, paying particular attention to their dynamics (that is, how different institutions appeared and how they changed over time). The course utilizes critical reading and discussion of research papers that apply theoretical insights and empirical tools to engage in major debates about the nature and consequences of political institutions. The course integrates material from a variety of disciplines including political science, international relations, political philosophy, economics, and history. The course examines what types of political institutions form, why they form, what they do, and how they evolve. Students discuss a series of debates related to the rise and consolidation of states in historical perspective, and review current (and some classic) works on the subject. These debates include why nation-states came to dominate over other state forms (such as empires or city-states), which role elites played in state formation, in which ways the functions of the state began to take shape, or how state capacity was built and sustained in different places and times. 

This is an intensive beginning Italian language course designed for students with 0-1 quarters of previous Italian language. This course serves as an introduction to Italian language for Bocconi students. Basic grammar is applied through exercises, games, communicative activities, short written texts and oral monologues and role play. Students learn to express basic needs, enabling them to communicate in familiar situations regarding familiar topics. Students read brief, simple texts and write brief descriptive and narrative texts. Grammar topics covered include: regular and irregular verbs, regular and irregular participles, reflexive forms, auxiliary and modal verbs (eg. potere, dovere, volere), and use of the verb 'piacere'. Students learn active conjugation of the auxiliary verbs, 'essere' and 'avere' and regular verbs in the indicative tense (present, past tense, imperfect, future simple); the conditional present and the imperative. Other grammatical elements include forms and uses of simple and articulated prepositions, adverbs, connectives, determinate and indeterminate articles, gender and number of adjectives, common regular and irregular nouns, demonstrative adjectives and pronouns, subject pronouns, direct and indirect pronouns, reflexive pronouns, and possessives. Student performance is evaluated based on quizzes and a final exam. Texts include a reader provided by Bocconi.

The first objective of the course is to explore and understand the storytelling epic, the symbolic imaginaries, and the ideological architectures of media events, both planned and unplanned. The specific focus on the recent "trauma television," the coverage of dramatic moments in human and medium history will provide students a further direct-experience based occasion to develop a critical and meaning creation oriented approach towards the medium. The final goal is to let students appreciate how television works, how it’s able to take a precise picture of constitutive parameters, problematic conjunctions, practices, moods, and contradictions of society, and why it still plays such a strategic role in social, cultural, and political issues in national and international contexts. The course main subject is essentially the relation of reciprocal influence between television and society. Built on a solid critical basis, mostly linked to cultural studies, sociology and journalism theories, the course is designed under the theoretical umbrella of the most important medium scholars, from McLuhan to Beaudrillard, and from Kellner to Dayan and Katz. The course discusses topics including television communication in general, its main theories, its complex spectrum of meanings, its storytelling processes, and its numerous social implications; the media events field, with ritual planned events (typically contests, conquests, coronations) and disruptive unplanned ones (disaster, terror, and war); and the "trauma television" of the last two years that is putting unexpected events in the television central stage as never before, even in some cases questioning their very notion – specifically the pandemic, the Capitol Hill riots, the various natural disasters caused by the climate change, and the Taliban takeover of Aghanistan – ground-breaking examples of the link between medium, contemporary history and our everyday life.

The first goal of this course is to discuss the main contemporary macroeconomic issues, particularly in Europe, using a rigorous framework but with an emphasis on facts and problems as opposed to complicated theoretical models. The second goal of this course is methodological. Most, if not all, macroeconomic problems do not have an obvious, black-or-white solution: there are pros and cons in any solution we might think of. And in virtually all cases reasonable and competent individuals have very different views of the same issue. The course strives to present all the main sides of the debate, instead of presenting a simple model with a simple, one-sided solution. The course discusses topics including preliminaries: GDP and national income accounting, price indices, nominal and real quantities; preliminaries: interest rate and bond prices; preliminaries: a basic macroeconomic model; money, the monetary base, and the balance sheets of the sectors; the money supply process; the response of monetary policy to the Eurozone crises; the government deficit and debt; the debate on government debt; the debate on the effects of government spending and taxes; the debate on fiscal consolidations and austerity; the exchange rate and the current account; monetary and fiscal policies in an open economy; the debate about monetary unions and the Euro; and the view from Germany. Prerequisite: At least one course in macroeconomics and knowledge of calculus and differential equations.